Table 2 Patient characteristics by ESRD recovery status

 Male

214,906

9980 (4.6%)

204,926 (95.4%)

ref

ref

ref

 Female

157,481

6950 (4.4%)

150,531 (95.6%)

0.95

0.92, 0.98

0.0013

 White

247,388

13,306 (5.4%)

234,082 (94.6%)

ref

ref

ref

 Black

102,499

3013 (2.9%)

99,486 (97.1%)

0.53

0.50, 0.58

< 0.0001

 Native American

3541

98 (2.8%)

3443 (97.2%)

0.49

0.40, 0.60

< 0.0001

 Asian

13,675

368 (2.7%)

13,307 (97.3%)

0.48

0.43, 0.53

< 0.0001

 Pacific Islander

4413

100 (2.3%)

4313 (97.7%)

0.40

0.33, 0.48

< 0.0001

 Other/unknown

871

45 (5.2%)

826 (94.8%)

0.96

0.71, 1.28

0.76

Mean age, years (SD)

372,387

63.0 (14.3)

63.4 (14.8)

1.001

1.00, 1.002

0.29

 0–44

40,796

1835 (4.5%)

38,961 (95.5%)

ref

ref

Ref

 45–64

143,006

6524 (4.6%)

136,482 (95.4%)

1.03

0.98, 1.09

0.26

 65+

188,585

8571 (4.5%)

180,014 (95.5%)

1.08

1.02, 1.13

0.004

 Diabetes

179,438

5429 (3%)

174,009 (97%)

ref

ref

ref

 Hypertension

112,091

3945 (3.5%)

108,146 (96.5%)

1.18

1.13, 1.22

< 0.0001

 Glomerulonephritis

25,493

1381 (5.4%)

24,112 (94.6%)

1.78

1.68, 1.89

< 0.0001

 Cystic Kidney

6286

70 (1.1%)

6216 (98.9%)

0.34

0.28, 0.45

< 0.0001

 Other Urologic

4776

262 (5.5%)

4514 (94.5%)

1.82

1.64, 2.10

< 0.0001

 Other Cause

34,961

4645 (13.3%)

30,316 (86.7%)

4.92

4.73, 5.11

< 0.0001

 Unknown Cause

7868

661 (8.4%)

7207 (91.6%)

2.96

2.73, 3.20

< 0.0001

 Missing Cause

1474

537 (36.4%)

937 (63.6%)

17.85

16.33, 19.50

< 0.0001

 Diabetes Mellitus

219,004

8197 (3.7%)

210,807 (96.3%)

0.64

0.62, 0.67

< 0.0001

 Atherosclerotic Heart Disease

58,333

2573 (4.4%)

55,760 (95.6%)

0.99

0.95, 1.03

0.60

 Heart Failure

113,142

4560 (4.0%)

108,582 (96.0%)

0.87

0.84, 0.90

< 0.001

 Hypertension

326,100

12,978 (4.0%)

313,122 (96.0%)

0.44

0.43, 0.46

< 0.001

 Peripheral Vascular Disease

42,162

1947 (4.6%)

40,215 (95.4%)

1.04

0.99, 1.09

0.07

 COPD

36,486

2038 (5.6%)

34,448 (94.4%)

1.32

1.26, 1.38

< 0.001

 Cancer

26,453

1640 (6.2%)

24,813 (93.8%)

1.50

1.42, 1.58

< 0.001

 Cerebrovascular Disease

32,996

1348 (4.1%)

31,648 (95.9%)

0.90

0.85, 0.95

0.0003

Pre-ESRD ESA Use

< 0.0001

 No

205,728

10,216 (5%)

195,512 (95%)

ref

ref

ref

 Yes

51,895

1103 (2.1%)

50,792 (97.9%)

0.42

0.39, 0.45

< 0.0001

 Unknown

114,764

5611 (4.9%)

109,153 (95.1%)

0.99

0.96, 1.03

0.67

 No

95,181

7832 (8.2%)

87,349 (91.8%)

ref

ref

ref

 Yes

223,610

5645 (2.5%)

217,965 (97.5%)

0.29

0.28, 0.30

< 0.0001

 Unknown

53,596

3453 (6.4%)

50,143 (93.6%)

0.78

0.75, 0.82

< 0.0001

 Medicare only

110,954

5096 (4.6%)

105,858 (95.4%)

ref

ref

ref

 Employer only

41,771

1953 (4.7%)

39,818 (95.3%)

0.97

0.92, 1.02

0.27

 Medicaid only

46,707

1854 (4%)

44,853 (96%)

0.83

0.78, 0.87

< 0.0001

 Medicare and Medicaid

54,724

2087 (3.8%)

52,637 (96.2%)

0.82

0.78, 0.86

< 0.0001

 Medicare and employer

22,187

994 (4.5%)

21,193 (95.5%)

0.97

0.90, 1.03

0.30

 Medicare and other

46,250

2252 (4.9%)

43,998 (95.1%)

1.08

1.02, 0.13

0.004

 None

30,019

1788 (6%)

28,231 (94%)

1.26

1.20, 1.33

< 0.0001

 Other only

19,775

906 (4.6%)

18,869 (95.4%)

0.96

0.90, 1.03

0.30

 Serum Creatinine (mg/dL)

370,847

5.7 (3.8)

6.7 (10.3)

0.96

0.9, 0.91

< 0.0001

 eGFR (mL/min/1.73m²)

367,099

11.7 (5.6)

10.1 (4.6)

1.07

1.07, 1.07

< 0.0001

 Serum Albumin (g/dL)

251,335

3 (2.3)

3.2 (3.2)

0.73

0.71, 0.75

< 0.0001