From: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy and ischemic heart disease: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Main analysis | Sibling analysis | Spousal analysis | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IgAN | General population reference | IgAN | Siblings | IgAN | Spouses | |
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
Total | 3945 | 19,272 | 3039 | 6729 | 2377 | 2377 |
Person-years (py) | 55,527 | 287,677 | 44,796 | 105,096 | 35,484 (0) | 38,893 (0) |
Sex | ||||||
Female | 1172 (29.7%) | 5780 (30.0%) | 869 (28.6%) | 3307 (49.1%) | 690 (29.0%) | 1710 (71.9%) |
Male | 2773 (70.3%) | 13,492 70.0%) | 2170 (71.4%) | 3422 (50.9%) | 1687 (71.0%) | 667 (28.1%) |
Age | ||||||
Age, mean (SD) | 39.4 (16.5) | 38.9 (16.2) | 35.9 (14.9) | 35.3 (16.6) | 43.5 (14.3) | 42.9 (14.6) |
Age, median (IQR) | 38.9 (26.5, 51.3) | 38.3 (26.2, 50.5) | 35.3 (23.9, 47) | 35.7 (23, 47.9) | 43.1 (32.7, 53.9) | 42.8 (32.3, 53.2) |
≤ 17 years | 380 (9.6%) | 1894 (9.8%) | 361 (11.9%) | 1093 (16.2%) | 64 (2.7%) | 91 (3.8%) |
18–39 years | 1706 (43.2%) | 8541 (44.3%) | 1485 (48.9%) | 2872 (42.7%) | 943 (39.7%) | 947 (39.8%) |
40–59 years | 1390 (35.2%) | 6778 (35.2%) | 1015 (33.4%) | 2312 (34.4%) | 1046 (44.0%) | 1036 (43.6%) |
≥ 60 years | 469 (11.9%) | 2059 (10.7%) | 178 (5.9%) | 452 (6.7%) | 324 (13.6%) | 296 (12.5%) |
Unknown | 0 (0.0%) | 7 (0.3%) | ||||
Year of inclusion | ||||||
Entry year, median (IQR) | 2001 (1994, 2007) | 2001 (1994, 2007) | 2002 (1994, 2008) | 2001 (1994, 2007) | 2000 (1993, 2006) | 2000 (1993, 2006) |
1974–1988 | 438 (11.1%) | 2168 (11.2%) | 317 (10.4%) | 728 (10.8%) | 326 (13.7%) | 326 (13.7%) |
1989–2001 | 1565 (39.7%) | 7662 (39.8%) | 1187 (39.1%) | 2670 (39.7%) | 1024 (43.1%) | 1024 (43.1%) |
2002–2015 | 1942 (49.2%) | 9442 (49.0%) | 1535 (50.5%) | 3331 (49.5%) | 1027 (43.2%) | 1027 (43.2%) |
Follow up time | ||||||
Mean (SD) | 14.1 (8.47) | 14.9 (8.52) | 14.7 (8.49) | 15.6 (8.51) | 14.9 (8.76) | 16.4 (8.67) |
Median (IQR) | 12.7 (7.45, 19.6) | 13.7 (8.11, 20.7) | 13.5 (7.99, 20.4) | 14.5 (8.61, 21.5) | 13.8 (8.01, 20.7) | 15.5 (9.3, 22.5) |
0–1 years | 79 (2.0%) | 194 (1.0%) | 35 (1.2%) | 41 (0.6%) | 56 (2.4%) | 20 (0.8%) |
1–4 years | 464 (11.8%) | 2001 (10.4%) | 314 (10.3%) | 569 (8.5%) | 248 (10.4%) | 176 (7.4%) |
≥ 5 years | 3402 (86.2%) | 17,077 88.6%) | 2690 (88.5%) | 6119 (90.9%) | 2073 (87.2%) | 2181 (91.8%) |
Reason for end of follow up | ||||||
May 31, 2017 | 3022 (76.6%) | 16,000 83.0%) | 2524 (83.1%) | 6020 (89.5%) | 1759 (74.0%) | 2021 (85.0%) |
Emigration | 105 (2.7%) | 727 (3.8%) | 80 (2.6%) | 160 (2.4%) | 48 (2.0%) | 45 (1.9%) |
IHD (death or diagnosis) | 371 (9.4%) | 1070 (5.6%) | 206 (6.8%) | 242 (3.6%) | 290 (12.2%) | 126 (5.3%) |
Death from other cause | 447 (11.3%) | 1475 (7.7%) | 229 (7.5%) | 307 (4.6%) | 280 (11.8%) | 185 (7.8%) |
Country of birth | ||||||
Nordic | 3602 (91.3%) | 17,322 89.9%) | 2971 (97.8%) | 6568 (97.6%) | 2128 (89.5%) | 2085 (87.7%) |
Non-Nordic | 342 (8.7%) | 1948 (10.1%) | 68 (2.2%) | 161 (2.4%) | 249 (10.5%) | 229 (9.6%) |
Unknown | 1 (< 1%) | 2 (< 1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 63 (2.7%) |
Level of education | ||||||
Compulsory school (0–9 years) | 817 (20.7%) | 3852 (20.0%) | 506 (16.7%) | 1195 (17.8%) | 527 (22.2%) | 435 (18.3%) |
Upper sec. School (10–12 years) | 1759 (44.6%) | 8690 (45.1%) | 1415 (46.6%) | 3205 (47.6%) | 1007 (42.4%) | 1044 (43.9%) |
University (> 12 years) | 1276 (32.3%) | 6279 (32.6%) | 1066 (35.1%) | 2090 (31.1%) | 816 (34.3%) | 817 (34.4%) |
Unknown | 93 (2.4%) | 451 (2.3%) | 52 (1.7%) | 239 (3.6%) | 27 (1.1%) | 81 (3.4%) |
Comorbititya | ||||||
HSP/IgAVb | 236 (6.0%) | 30 (0.2%) | 203 (6.7%) | 22 (0.3%) | 94 (4.0%) | 5 (0.2%) |
Diabetes, type 1 or 2 | 170 (4.3%) | 309 (1.6%) | 97 (3.2%) | 107 (1.6%) | 101 (4.2%) | 45 (1.9%) |
Other systemic inflammatory disease | 313 (7.9%) | 459 (2.4%) | 224 (7.4%) | 207 (3.1%) | 193 (8.1%) | 77 (3.2%) |
Hypertension | 1241 (31.5%) | 344 (1.8%) | 891 (29.3%) | 139 (2.1%) | 809 (34.0%) | 51 (2.1%) |
Heredity for IgAN | 38 (1.0%) | 28 (0.1%) | ||||
Heredity for ESRD | 84 (2.1%) | 139 (0.7%) |