Table 2 Clinical characteristics

Hypertension, n (%)

36 (43.9)

77 (41.6)

0.728

113 (42.3, 36.5–48.4)

Reference

Diabetes, n (%)

4 (4.9)

47 (25.4)

< 0.001

51 (19.1, 14.8–24.3)

< 0.001

SLE, n (%)

6 (7.3)

6 (3.2)

0.138

12 (4.5, 2.6–7.8)

< 0.001

Hepatitis B, n (%)

1 (1.2)

4 (2.2)

1.000

5 (1.9, 0.7–4.4)

< 0.001

Hepatitis C, n (%)

1 (1.2)

1 (0.5)

0.521

2 (0.8, 0.2–3.0)

< 0.001

HIV status, n (%)

  Negative

61 (74.4)

113 (61.1)

Reference

174 (65.2, 59.2–70.7)

  Positive

21 (25.6)

55 (29.7)

0.491

76 (28.5, 23.4–34.2)

0.001

  Unknown

0

17 (9.2)

0.002

17 (6.4, 4.0–10.0)

Kidney disease aetiology, n (%)

  Hypertension

27 (32.9)

59 (31.9)

0.867

86 (32.2, 26.8–38.1)

Reference

  Diabetes mellitus

1 (1.2)

32 (17.3)

< 0.001

33 (12.4, 8.9–16.9)

< 0.001

  Glomerulonephritis

11 (13.4)

13 (7.0)

0.092

24 (9.06.1–13.1)

< 0.001

  Lupus nephritis

6 (7.3)

6 (3.2)

0.138

12 (4.5,2.6–7.8)

< 0.001

  HIVAN

14 (17.1)

28 (15.1)

0.688

42 (15.7, 11.8–20.6)

< 0.001

  FSGS

1 (1.2)

2 (1.1)

1.000

3 (1.1, 0.3–3.4)

< 0.001

  Autosomal Polycystic kidney disease

6 (7.3)

5 (2.7)

0.098

11 (4.1, 2.3–7.3)

< 0.001

  Connective tissue diseases/Vasculitis

0

5 (2.7)

0.328

5 (1.9, 0.8–4.4)

< 0.001

  Obstructive uropathy

1 (1.2)

10 (5.4)

0.181

11 (4.1, 2.3–7.3)

< 0.001

  Other^a

2 (2.4)

7 (3.8)

0.726

9 (3.4, 1.8–6.4)

< 0.001

  Unknown

13 (15.9)

18 (9.7)

0.150

31 (11.6, 8.3–16.1)

< 0.001

Serum creatinine (µmol/L), median (IQR)

1044.5 (807–1403)

794.5 (587–1143)

< 0.001

890 (670–1210)