Fig. 1

A flow diagram of the study. A total of 3250 candidates were asked to participate in the study with the written informed consent with an invitation letter, in which 2601 individuals agreed. After applying exclusion criteria on medical conditions such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperuricemia during the allocated period, a total of 543 were excluded, and 2058 remained. In addition, a total of 552 were also excluded due to incomplete data on long-term observation on eGFR. The final number for the longitudinal analysis was 1506