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Table 2 Subgroup analysis for incidence rate of eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73m2 among PLWH

From: Incidence of impaired kidney function among people with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Variables

No. of study

Person-year

Case

Pooled IR (95%CI)

Test for heterogeneity

p for subgroup difference

I2 (%)

p-value

Total

29

1,346,996.15

17,133

12.50(9.13–17.11)

99.72

< 0.001

 

WHO region

African

5

41,645

1340

13.21(3.73–46.84)

99.55

< 0.001

0.025

American

9

1,052,357.45

13,020

10.05(7.65–13.2)

99.46

< 0.001

European

9

159,452.8

1899

16.79(8.84–31.88)

99.49

< 0.001

South-East Asia

1

61,497.5

229

10.39(9.13–11.83)

.

–

Western Pacific

2

22,035

190

17.9(13.07–24.51)

70.15

0.056

Mixed

3

10,008.4

455

7.5(3.2–17.57)

96.89

< 0.001

Income level

Low

2

16,901

39

2.88(1.24–6.71)

83.9

0.009

< 0.001

Lower middle

2

6322.9

216

28.08(15.61–50.53)

85.52

0.006

Upper middle

2

40,456.1

1314

24.77(4.53–135.37)

99.82

< 0.001

High

20

1,221,818.65

15,109

13.35(9.63–18.5)

99.69

< 0.001

Mixed

3

61,497.5

455

7.5(3.2–17.57)

96.89

< 0.001

Race†

Mainly white

5

52,957.9

1058

25.67(10.03–65.72)

99.56

< 0.001

0.397

Mainly black

8

111,744

1808

11.62(5.22–25.88)

99.51

< 0.001

Mainly Asian

5

91,818.9

847

9.74(5.38–17.65)

98.47

< 0.001

Mixed

8

1,033,579.45

12,810

9.91(7.28–13.48)

99.57

< 0.001

Unknow

3

56,895.9

610

12.54(8.09–19.41)

95.93

< 0.001

Median or average age (yrs)

< 40

17

231,407.8

2954

10.86(7.17–16.43)

99.12

< 0.001

0.019

≥40

6

550,014

9729

25.92(12.43–54.05)

99.86

< 0.001

Unknow

6

565,574.35

4450

8.92(7.42–10.72)

97.08

< 0.001

Male (%)

< 60

7

92,966

1598

11.67(4.63–29.43)

99.51

< 0.001

0.861

≥60

22

1,254,030.15

15,535

12.74(9.35–17.35)

99.67

< 0.001

ART status

ART-experienced< 70% at baseline

7

834,670.35

10,551

8.71(5.82–13.03)

99.63

< 0.001

< 0.001

ART-experienced≥70% at baseline

11

176,674.8

1792

11.69(8.37–16.32)

97.94

< 0.001

ART/TDF initiation

10

312,560

4674

19.09(9.3–39.22)

99.8

< 0.001

Unknow

1

23,091

116

5.02(4.19–6.03)

 

.

 

Sample size

< 1000

4

8607.8

178

20.56(15.45–27.37)

71.79

0.006

0.013

≥1000

25

1,338,388.35

16,955

11.58(8.13–16.48)

99.78

< 0.001

eGFR calculation equation

CKD-EPI

11

691,979.4

5462

8.86(6.2–12.64)

99.3

< 0.001

0.054

MDRD

18

655,016.75

11,671

15.41(9.97–23.82)

99.74

< 0.001

  1. Note: IR, incidence rate; ART, antiretroviral therapy; MDRD, modification of diet in renal disease; CKD-EPI, Chronic kidney disease Epidemiology collaboration
  2. † the proportion of any race≥60% was recognized as predominant race in one study.
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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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