Table 2 Association of risk factors for reduced eGFR estimated from serum creatinine by study^#

145/4046

3.58

264/17,570

1.50

Age

40–49

7/1160

0.10

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

24/6409

0.38

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

50–59

32/1337

2.60

3.85 (1.69, 8.75)

2.98 (1.30,6.87)

53/6005

0.88

2.36 (1.45, 3.82)

1.91(1.17, 3.12)

60–70

106/1549

6.89

11.24 (5.21, 24.23)

6.84 (3.07, 15.24)

187/5156

3.63

10.00 (6.53, 15.32)

5.88 (3.73, 9.26)

Test for trend

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

Sex

Men

81/2346

3.86

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

147/9261

1.59

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

Women

64/1700

3.16

0.94 (0.67, 1.31)

0.84 (0.53, 1.33)

117/8309

1.41

1.16 (0.91, 1.48)

1.84 (1.25, 2.71)

Education

(missing imputed Tromsø7 = 174)

Low

18/281

5.64

1.43 (0.83, 2.45)

1.45 (0.84, 2.50)

82/3290

2.52

1.32 (0.95, 1.85)

1.29 (0.92, 1.80)

Middle

77/2158

3.53

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

66/4924

1.36

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

Higher

50/1607

3.12

0.98 (0.68, 1.41)

0.98 (0.67, 1.43)

110/9184

1.21

1.01 (0.74, 1.37)

1.10 (0.80, 1.51)

Test for trend

P = 0.33

P = 0.31

P = 0.09

P = 0.34

Smoking status

(missing imputed KYH = 451; Tromsø7 = 130)

Never smoker

83/2027

3.96

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

97/7384

1.33

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

Ex-smoker

27/1010

3.15

0.64 (0.39, 1.04)

0.60 (0.37, 0.99)

132/7456

1.79

1.03 (0.78, 1.34)

1.06 (0.72,1.24)

Current smoker

34/997

3.24

0.98 (0.62, 1.55)

1.05 (0.65,1.67)

30/2601

1.17

0.73 (0.48,1.11)

0.71 (0.46, 1.10)

Body mass index

(missing imputed KYH = 454; Tromsø7 = 43)

< 18.5

0/45

0.00

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

2/88

2.27

2.03 (0.48, 8.58)

2.38 (0.56, 10.21)

18.5–24.9

24/1120

2.19

56/5707

0.98

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

25.0–29.9

50/1516

3.07

1.26 (0.76,2.07)

1.13 (0.68, 1.89)

118/7566

1.56

1.57 (1.14,2.17)

1.31 (0.94, 1.82)

30.0–34.9

45/899

4.79

1.80 (1.08, 3.01)

1.39 (0.81, 2.39)

72/3110

2.32

2.41 (1.69,3.44)

1.62 (1.11, 2.35)

> 35

25/453

5.74

2.01 (1.11, 3.63)

1.36 (0.72, 2.57)

13/1057

1.22

1.44 (0.78,2.64)

0.76 (0.40,1.42)

Test for trend

P = 0.005

P = 0.23

P < 0.001

P = 0.49

Waist: Hip ratio

(missing imputed KYH = 444;

Tromsø7 = 74)

< 0.9

55/2202

2.45

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

136/10988

1.25

1.00(ref)

1.00(ref)

> 0.9

89/1842

4.58

1.75 (1.18, 2.59)

1.48 (0.98, 2.24)

125/6517

1.94

2.13 (1.47, 3.10)

1.60 (1.09, 2.35)

Albuminuria^***

(missing imputed

KYH = 2817)

Tromsø7 = 12,126)

No

44/1677

2.88

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

111/5284

1.26

1.00(ref)

1.00 (ref)

Yes

12/82

16.09

4.89 (2.60, 9.20)

4.40 (2.26, 8.57)

25/217

8.45

6.12 (3.78, 9.93)

5.14 (3.05, 8.66)

Hypertension

(measured blood pressure/use of antihypertensives)

Missing imputed KYH = 788;

Tromsø7 = 53)

Normotensive

19/1349

1.41

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

85/11,341

0.75

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

Hypertensive

(treated and controlled)

48/861

5.85

2.59 (1.48, 4.54)

2.35 (1.31, 4.21)

88/1920

4.59

3.90 (2.84, 5.35)

3.45 (2.48, 4.80)

Hypertensive

(untreated)

10/582

2.11

0.90 (0.41,1.95)

0.83 (0.38, 1.81)

30/2920

1.03

0.99 (0.65, 1.51)

0.92 (0.60, 1.42)

Hypertensive (treated, uncontrolled)

52/861

6.44

2.52 (1.45, 4.38)

2.24 (1.27, 3.97)

60/1344

4.47

3.46 (2.43,4.92)

3.01 (2.09,4.35)

Diabetes (self-report or use of medication or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%)

(missing imputed KYH =510; Tromsø7 202)

No

107/3422

3.06

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

222/16442

1.35

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

Yes

38/562

6.57

1.54 (1.04, 2.27)

1.10 (0.72, 1.68)

39/989

4.10

2.30 (1.61, 3.28)

1.47 (1.01, 2.14)