Table 4 Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of adolescents according to urinary mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) level

Age (years)

13.2 ± 0.7

13.5 ± 0.9

0.097

Female/male, % / %

53.8/46.2

38.1/61.9

0.209

Height-SDS

0.5 ± 1.0

0.7 ± 0.8

0.368

BMI-SDS

0.8 ± 1.2

1.2 ± 1.2

0.266

Obesity, %

20.0

28.6

0.545

Parental hypertension, %

13.8

42.9

0.011

Carotid IMT-SDS

0.51 ± 0.50

0.48 ± 0.51

0.805

Hemoglobin (g/dl)

14.0 ± 0.9

14.5 ± 1.2

0.070

White blood cell (×10³/mm³)

7.7 ± 2.4

7.7 ± 1.6

0.947

Platelets (×10³/mm³)

277 ± 63

289 ± 54

0.448

Serum protein (g/dl)

7.6 ± 0.4

7.7 ± 0.4

0.366

Serum albumin (g/dl)

4.6 ± 0.3

4.8 ± 0.3

0.046

Serum globulin (g/dl)

3.0 ± 0.3

2.9 ± 0.3

0.373

Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dl)

11.1 ± 2.8

11.4 ± 2.8

0.721

Creatinine (mg/dl)

0.6 ± 0.1

0.6 ± 0.1

0.124

Uric acid (mg/dl)

5.0 ± 1.2

5.4 ± 1.1

0.208

Sodium (mEq/L)

139.0 ± 1.5

138.5 ± 1.5

0.164

Potassium (mEq/L)

4.2 ± 0.3

4.3 ± 0.3

0.607

Chloride (mEq/L)

104.4 ± 1.9

103.7 ± 2.3

0.186

Calcium (mg/dl)

9.8 ± 0.4

9.9 ± 0.4

0.543

ACCa (mg/dl)

9.3 ± 0.3

9.3 ± 0.3

0.453

Phosphate (mg/dl)

4.5 ± 0.6

4.2 ± 0.6

0.049

ACCa-phosphate product (mg²/dl²)

41.8 ± 5.9

38.6 ± 6.0

0.037

ACCa-phosphate ratio (mg/mg)

2.10 (1.91–2.35)

2.15 (1.96–2.56)

0.118

Magnesium (mg/dl)

2.04 ± 0.14 (N = 51)

2.05 ± 0.15 (N = 16)

0.731

Urinary creatinine (mg/dl)

154.8 ± 65.2

161.5 ± 81.6

0.705

UPCR (mg/mg)

0.08 (0.07–0.11)

0.09 (0.07–0.12)

0.633

UACR (mg/g)

6.7 (4.3–15.3)

7.5 (3.9–20.4)

0.608

UBCR (μg/g)

47.6 (22.9–71.8)

63.9 (24.5–106.9)

0.181