Table 2 Clinical characteristics and co-morbid diseases of LN patients at the renal clinic of St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from Sep, 2016 to Oct, 2020 (n = 114)
Baseline characteristics | Mean ± SD | Frequency (%) |
|---|---|---|
Age at diagnosis | 29.10 ± 9.67 | |
Edema at onset (%) | 97(85.1) | |
Hypertension at onset (%) | 53(46.5) | |
Nephrotic syndrome (≥ 3.5 g/ 24 h urine protein) (%) | 76(66.7) | |
Antiphospholipid syndrome (%) | 5(4.4) | |
CNS manifestations (lupus cerebrities) (%) | 10(8.8) | |
Skin manifestations (discoid lupus erythematous) (%) | 13(11.4) | |
Rheumatoid arthritis (%) | 15(13.2) | |
Pleural/pericardial effusion (%) | 22(19.3) | |
Thrombocytopenia (%) | 19(16.7) | |
Leucopenia (%) | 29(25.4) | |
Thrombosis/venous (%) | 6(5.3) | |
Anemia (%) | 4(3.5) | |
Hematuria (%) | 86(75.4) | |
AKI (acute tubular necrosis, interstitial nephritis) (%) | 48(42.1) | |
UTI and renal stone (%) | 7(6.1) | |
Infection-related glomerulonephritis (%) | 12(10.5) | |
Tuberculosis (%) | 7(6.1) | |
Other nonspecific symptoms (%)a | 21(18.4) |