Table 1 Initial characteristics of study subjects

Gender, n(%)

 Male

10 (33.3)

11 (36.7)

0.787^a

 Female

20 (66.7)

19 (63.3)

 Age (years), mean (SD)

51.23 (13.57)

52.33 (11.29)

0.734^b

HD duration (months), median (IQR)

70.50 (46.25-118.75)

57.50 (29.5-99.7)

0.329^c

Comorbidities, n(%)

 - Hypertension

25 (83.3)

25 (83.3)

0.635^d

 - Diabetes

11 (36.7)

8 (26.7)

0.405^a

 - Heart failure

5 (16.7)

5 (16.7)

0.635^d

 - Coronary heart disease

4 (14.3)

2 (6.7)

0.335^d

 - Stroke

1 (3.3)

3 (10)

0.306^d

Medication taken, n(%)

 - ACEi/ARB

12 (40.0)

14 (46.7)

0.602^a

 - CCB

20 (66.7)

18 (60.0)

0.592^a

 - Beta blocker

3 (10.0)

9 (30)

0.053^a

 - Alpha blocker

14 (46.7)

9 (30)

0.184^a

 - Insulin

8 (26.7)

3 (10)

0.095^a

 - Oral hypoglycaemic drugs

3 (10.0)

4 (13.3)

0.500^d

 - Phosphate binder

28 (93.3)

27 (90.0)

0.640^d

 - Oral iron supplements

1 (3.3)

3 (10.0)

0.306^d

HD adequacy (Kt/V), mean (SD)

1.92 (0.35)

1.83 (0.30)

0.284^b

Body mass index (kg/m²), mean (SD)

22.56 (4.80)

24.22 (4.64)

0.180^b

Laboratory

 - Haemoglobin (g/dL), median (IQR)

9.4 (7.9-10.9)

9.4 (8.80-10.42)

0.487^c

 - Leucocyte (/uL), mean (SD)

8142 (2380.9)

7978 (1783.9)

0.764^b

 - Thrombocyte (/uL), mean (SD)

257933.33 (61952.11)

244433.33 (63318.39)

0.407^b

 - Albumin (mg/dL), mean (SD)

3.90 (0.28)

3.87 (0.4)

0.789^b

 - Urea (mg/dL), mean (SD)

144.77 (44.83)

131.94 (38.45)

0.148^b

 - Creatinine (mg/dL), mean (SD)

11.86 (3.46)

12.35 (3.7)

0.547^b

Dietary intake

 - Calories (kcal/kg/day), median (IQR)

28.82 (22.32-36.34)

26.84 (18.41-36.21)

0.220^c

 - Protein (gram/kg/day), mean (SD)

0.91 (0.38)

0.79 (0.30)

0.178^b

 - Carbohydrate (gram/day), mean (SD)

183.98 (71.05)

206.99 (94.99)

0.293^b

 - Fat (gram/day), mean (SD)

70.02 (20.9)

64.49 (20.51)

0.306^b

 - Fibre (gram/day), mean (SD)

6.09 (3.76)

6.11 (3.33)

0.980^b

Indoxyl sulphate (mg/L), median (IQR)

26.98 (22.78-34.77)

20.95 (17.25-27.07)

0.062^c

PAC-SYM score, median (IQR)

8 (5-11.25)

6 (4-9.5)

0.137^c

PAC-QOL score, median (IQR)

17.5 (14-24)

18 (13-26.25)

0.970^c