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Table 1 Comparison between patients with COVID-19, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and healthy subjects. The comparison between groups was analyzed by nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis test and a P < 0.05 was considered a significant difference

From: “Role of kidney function and concentrations of BAFF, sPD-L1 and sCD25 on mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19”

 

COVID-19 (N = 110)

CKD patients (N = 33)

Healthy subjects (N = 35)

P (K-W)

Median

IQR 25–75%

Median

IQR 25–75%

Median

IQR 25–75%

 

Age (years)

60

50–69

55

44.5–58

50

39–57

 < 0.001a

BMI1 (kg/m2)

28

24.6–31.6

25.0

23.5–28.0

24

22–27

 < 0.001b

Creatinine (µmol/l)

73

57.5–89

122

107–160

72

66–77

 < 0.001c

eGFR2 (ml/min/1.73m2)

84

67–90

53

40–65

102

96–108

 < 0.001d

CRP3 (mg/l)

99

63–174

1.6

0.9–4.3

0.89

0.31–2.2

 < 0.001e

B cell modulation

 BAFF4 (pg/ml)

824

576–1099

448

395–551

403

365–449

 < 0.001f

 IL-45 (pg/ml)

104

88–124

134

111–208

119

98–156

 < 0.001 g

 IFN-α6 (pg/ml)

18.5

9–36.5

10

4.5–25

8

5–32.5

0.02 h

T cell modulation

 sCD257/IL-2Rα8 (pg/ml)

1178

931–1587

734

582–808

363

309–441

 < 0.001i

 sCD40L (pg/ml)

1515

1220–1884

7663

5688–9955

7239

4985–9564

 < 0.001j

 sPD-L19 (pg/ml)

146

96–227

83

61–102

39

30–48

 < 0.001 k

 sCD95/Fas (pg/ml)

6083

4727–7292

8519

7373–10,112

5572

4917–6058

 < 0.001 l

  1. 1 Body mass index
  2. 2 Estimated glomerular filtration rate
  3. 3 C-reactive protein
  4. 4 B-cell activating factor
  5. 5 Interleukin 4
  6. 6 Interferon-α
  7. 7 Soluble cluster of differentiation 25
  8. 8 Interleukin 2 receptor- α
  9. 9 Soluble programmed death-ligand 1
  10. a P < 0.01 comparing COVID-19 and CKD patients and P < 0.0001 vs healthy controls, b P < 0.05 comparing COVID-19 and CKD patients and P < 0.0001 vs healthy controls, c P < 0.0001 comparing COVID-19 and CKD patients and NS vs healthy controls, d P < 0.0001 comparing COVID-19 and CKD patients and vs healthy controls, e P < 0.0001 comparing COVID-19 and CKD patients and P < 0.001 vs healthy controls, f P < 0.0001 comparing COVID-19 vs CKD patients and vs healthy controls, g P < 0.0001 comparing COVID-19 vs CKD patients and NS vs healthy controls, h P < 0.01 comparing COVID-19 and CKD patients and NS vs healthy controls, i P < 0.0001 comparing COVID-19 vs CKD patients and vs healthy controls, j P < 0.0001 comparing COVID-19 and CKD and vs healthy controls, k P < 0.0001 comparing COVID-19 and CKD patients and vs healthy controls, l P < 0.0001 comparing COVID-19 and CKD patients and NS vs healthy control