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Table 2 The hazard ratio of all-cause and CVD mortality according to the presence of CKD and depression

From: The synergistic effect of depression and moderate chronic kidney disease on the all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among adults: a retrospective cohort study

 

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Group 4

Without CKD and without depression

Without CKD and with depression

With CKD and without depression

With CKD and with depression

Number of Participants

18,334

1695

3928

455

Follow-up (person-years)

106,846

9565

21,100

2125

All-cause mortality

 Events (n)

785

79

809

110

 Mortality rate (95% CI)#

5.2 (4.7–5.8)

6.9 (5.2–8.6)

32.8 (30.0–35.7)

46.6 (36.3–56.9)

 Hazard ratio (95% CI)

  Model 0

1.00 (reference)

1.33 (1.00–1.78)

6.36 (5.61–7.22)

9.26 (7.19–11.93)

  Model 1

1.00 (reference)

1.50 (1.14–1.98)

2.16 (1.88–2.48)

4.38 (3.45–5.56) †

  Model 2

1.00 (reference)

1.46 (1.10–1.93)

1.84 (1.59–2.12)

3.46 (2.63–4.54) †

  Model 3

1.00 (reference)

1.43 (1.06–1.94)

1.86 (1.52–2.27)

3.24 (2.37–4.42) †

CVD mortality

 Events (n)

125

15

172

26

 Mortality rate (95% CI)

0.8 (0.6 to 1.0)

1.5 (0.6–2.5)

6.6 (5.3–7.9)

10.3 (5.4–15.2)

 Hazard ratio (95% CI)

  Model 0

1.00 (reference)

1.96 (0.97–3.95)

8.53 (6.38–11.40)

13.5 (7.88–23.00)

  Model 1

1.00 (reference)

2.51 (1.25–5.04)

2.33 (1.71–3.19)

5.72 (3.39–9.67) ‡

  Model 2

1.00 (reference)

2.35 (1.15–4.78)

1.87 (1.36–2.58)

3.91 (2.21–6.93) ‡

  Model 3

1.00 (reference)

2.33 (1.12–4.83)

1.89 (1.31–2.72)

3.43 (1.82–6.45) ‡

  1. CI confidence interval, CKD chronic kidney disease, CVD cardiovascular disease
  2. † In the post hoc comparison, when compared with Group 1, Group 4 had an adjusted HR for all-cause mortality rate of 4.18 (95% CI: 3.26–5.35; P < 0.001), 3.44 (95% CI: 2.61–4.53; P < 0.001), and 3.62 (95% CI: 2.69–4.87; P < 0.001) in model 1, model 2, and model 3, respectively; Compared with Group 2, Group 4 had an adjusted HR for all-cause mortality rate of 3.37 (95% CI: 2.30–4.92; P < 0.001), 2.76 (95% CI: 1.84–4.14; P < 0.001), and 2.99 (95% CI: 1.92–4.66; P < 0.001) in model 1, model 2, and model 3, respectively; Compared with Group 3, Group 4 had an adjusted HR for all-cause mortality rate of 2.03 (95% CI: 1.62–2.55; P < 0.001), 1.87 (95% CI: 1.43–2.45; P < 0.001), and 1.75 (95% CI: 1.29–2.37; P < 0.001) in model 1, model 2, and model 3, respectively
  3. ‡ In the post hoc comparison, when compared with Group 1, Group 4 had an adjusted HR for CVD mortality rate of 5.64 (95% CI: 3.43–9.25; P < 0.001), 3.92 (95% CI: 2.21–6.94; P < 0.001), and 3.89 (95% CI: 1.68–9.00; P = 0.002), in model 1, model 2, and model 3, respectively; Compared with Group 2, Group 4 had an adjusted HR for CVD mortality rate of 2.64 (95% CI: 1.19–5.85; P = 0.0173), 2.01 (95% CI: 0.93–4.34; P = 0.074), and 1.90 (95% CI: 0.86–4.21; P = 0.112) in model 1, model 2, and model 3, respectively; Compared with Group 3, Group 4 had an adjusted HR for CVD mortality rate of 2.25 (95% CI: 1.44–3.50; P < 0.001), 2.00 (95% CI: 1.19–3.35; P = 0.009), and 1.97 (95% CI: 1.17–3.32; P = 0.011) in model 1, model 2, and model 3, respectively