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Table 2 Factors associated with overall KDQOL, PCS and MCS

From: Health related quality of life of patients undergoing in-centre hemodialysis in Rwanda: a cross sectional study

Independent variables (reference group)

Overall KDQOL

Physical.Composite Summary

Mental.Composite Summary

 

Crude ß coefficient (95% CI)

P value

Adjusted ß coefficient (95% CI)

P value

Crude ß coefficient (95% CI)

P value

Adjusted ß coefficient (95% CI)

P value

Crude ß coefficient (95% CI)

P value

Adjusted ß coefficient (95% CI)

P value

Sex (Female)

         

Male

6.57 (0.02, 13.04)

0.04

8.54 (2.77, 14.26)

0.008

6.84 (3.24, 10.41)

< 0.001

4.62 (1.02, 8.21)

0.01

-0.45 (-4.39, 3.42)

0.81

0.61 (-2.86, 4.12)

0.74

Age (< 45 years)

         

45–60 years

3.35 (-4.32, 11.49)

0.40

6.23 (-0.37, 13.14)

0.09

-2.76 (-7.19, 1.91)

0.23

-1.32 (-5.40, 2.96)

0.55

4.04 (-0.37, 8.85)

0.08

3.83 (-0.17, 8.39)

0.08

> 60 years

5.37 (-2.43, 13.47)

0.18

6.68 (-1.67, 15.17)

0.15

-3.92 (-8.42, 0.74)

0.09

-4.19 (-9.50, 1.20)

0.14

4.56 (0.05, 9.31)

0.05

1.09 (-3.86, 6.36)

0.68

Education (Primary school and less)

Secondary school

2.38 (-6.06, 10.56)

0.56

  

0.75 (-4.16, 5.52)

0.75

  

2.58 (-2.24, 7.45)

0.24

  

Post-secondary

2.17 (-5.33, 9.57)

0.57

  

0.62 (-3.76, 4.93)

0.77

  

2.70 (-1.81, 6.89)

0.27

 

Marital status (Never married)

Married/living together

3.59 (-3.63, 10.89)

0.33

  

-1.09 (-5.17, 3.01)

0.60

  

1.37 (-2.94, 5.75)

0.53

  

Separated/widowed

-4.77 (-13.75, 4.31)

0.30

  

-7.61 (-12.67, -2.49)

0.004

  

-1.48 (-6.84, 3.96)

0.59

  

Employment (Unemployed)

           

Employed

5.99 (-0.85, 12.89)

0.09

8.16 (2.18, 14.29)

0.01

4.85 (0.92, 8.80)

0.01

3.88 (0.39, 7.39)

0.04

2.32 (-1.66, 6.34)

0.25

5.76 (2.09, 9.53)

0.005

Retired

6.93 (-2.32, 16.37)

0.14

4.23 (-5.01, 13.70)

0.41

4.18 (-1.12, 9.58)

0.12

5.68 (0.05, 11.40)

0.06

6.45 (1.07, 11.96)

0.02

8.18 (2.66, 13.86)

0.007

Ubudehe category (1)

           

2

1.78 (-10.99, 14.66)

0.78

  

-0.75 (-7.75, 6.30)

0.83

  

-2.87 (-10.46, 4.80)

0.46

  

3

6.84 (-4.62, 18.56)

0.25

  

4.41 (-1.87, 10.83)

0.17

  

-1.04 (-7.84, 5.96)

0.76

  

Health insurance coverage (< 100% coverage)

           

100% coverage

4.77 (-1.84, 11.28)

0.15

  

0.34 (-3.55, 4.17)

0.86

  

1.08 (-2.86, 4.93)

0.58

  

Prescribed number of HD sessions per week (Twice)

           

Thrice

-1.47 (-9.67, 6.46)

0.71

  

-0.48 (-5.26, 4.13)

0.83

  

-0.30 (-5.15, 4.35)

0.89

  

Number of HD in the past 30 days (≤ 10)

           

> 10

-2.53 (-9.19, 4.09)

0.45

  

-0.39 (-4.27, 3.47)

0.84

  

-0.15 (-4.08, 3.74)

0.93

  

Hospitalized in the last 6 months (No)

           

Yes

-3.61 (-9.88, 2.63)

0.25

  

-4.68 (-8.22, -1.15)

0.01

  

-1.97 (-5.66, 1.68)

0.29

  

Number of medications taking (< 3 drugs)

           

3–4 drugs

-2.32 (-10.76, 6.01)

0.58

  

-4.22 (-9.06, 0.54)

0.08

  

-2.75 (-7.67, 2.08)

0.27

  

> 4 drugs

-2.74 (-11.48, 5.80)

0.53

  

-3.72 (-8.74, 1.16)

0.14

  

-0.12 (-5.23, 4.83)

0.96

  

Albumin (< 35 g/l)

           

35–40 g/l

8.36 (0.65, 16.27)

0.03

6.29 (-0.39, 13.17)

0.09

3.07 (-1.47, 7.76)

0.19

  

1.97 (-2.65, 6.77)

0.41

  

> 40 g/l

8.86 (0.66, 17.27)

0.03

2.47 (-4.92, 10.01)

0.54

3.76 (-1.07, 8.75)

0.13

  

2.36 (-2.55, 7.46)

0.35

  

Hemoglobin (< 10 g/dl)

           

10–11 g/dl

9.44 (2.03, 16.82)

0.01

7.27 (0.70, 13.72)

0.04

1.84 (-2.59, 6.26)

0.41

  

5.05 (0.66, 9.40)

0.02

  

> 11 g/dl

2.39 (-4.75, 9.59)

0.51

2.09 (-3.94, 8.13)

0.53

-0.59 (-4.89, 3.71)

0.78

  

2.65 (-1.58, 6.91)

0.22

  

Vintage (≤ 12 months)

           

13–24 months

8.65 (0.83, 16.80)

0.03

10.47 (3.57, 17.58)

0.008

-0.44 (-5.09, 4.40)

0.85

  

7.48 (3.04, 12.19)

0.001

9.10 (5.03, 13.46)

< 0.001

> 24 months

5.70 (-1.36, 13.03)

0.12

9.71 (3.33, 16.30)

0.007

1.52 (-2.68, 5.87)

0.48

  

3.40 (-0.6, 7.63)

0.107

6.30 (2.54, 10.30)

0.003

HD access (Fistula/graft)

           

Semi-permanent dialysis catheter

-8.44 (-16.35, -0.89)

0.03

  

-6.20 (-10.69, -1.90)

0.006

-6.11 (-10.38, -1.94)

0.008

-3.88 (-8.62, 0.57)

0.09

  

Temporary dialysis catheter

-6.75 (-14.71, 1.01)

0.09

  

-5.59 (-10.12, -1.17)

0.01

-5.30 (-9.51, -1.16)

0.02

-3.00 (-7.75, 1.59)

0.21

  

Number of comorbidities (0) $

           

1

-11.40 (-22.62, -0.52)

0.04

-15.31 (-25.17, -5.76)

0.005

-0.12 (-6.52, 6.08)

0.96

-3.28 (-9.11, 2.40)

0.29

-10.04 (-16.60, -3.74)

0.003

-9.55 (15.58, -3.82)

0.003

2

-11.14 (-22.79, 0.13)

0.06

-13.20 (-23.30, -3.46)

0.01

-4.55 (-11.20, 1.88)

0.17

-3.36 (-9.64, 2.72)

0.31

-6.51 (-13.33, 0.021)

0.059

-6.51 (-12.96, -0.57)

0.04

3 or more

-21.49 (35.22, -8.03)

0.002

-29.97 (-41.47, -18.32)

< 0.001

-9.49 (-17.33, -1.81)

0.01

-9.06 (-16.42, -1.84)

0.02

-10.81 (-18.84, -3.012)

0.009

-12.55 (-19.97, -5.60)

0.001

  1. *Adjusted for clustering of patients within hemodialysis centers
  2. $ Comorbidities include hypertension, heart failure, hepatitis B or C, cerebrovascular disease, HIV/AIDS and gout