Table 1 Baseline and clinical characteristics of the noncardiac surgery study population
Vanderbilt Cohort | Michigan Cohort | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Yes AKI, n = 959 | No AKI, n = 7289 | P value | Yes AKI, n = 277 | No AKI, n = 5721 | P value |
Age, years | 61.6 [52.3–70.1] | 59.3 [48.3–68.6] | 1.33 × 10− 4 | 61.0 [51.0–69.0] | 58.0 [47.0–67.0] | 4.63 × 10− 4 |
Male sex | 571 (59.5%) | 3568 (48.9%) | 4.34 × 10− 7 | 152 (54.9%) | 2790 (48.8%) | 0.049 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 29.43 [25.3–34.6] | 27.69 [23.88–32.52] | 9.99 × 10−11 | 29.91 [25.95–36.6] | 29.48 [25.7–34.6] | 0.495 |
Preoperative creatinine value, mg/dL | 0.97 [0.77–1.26] | 0.90 [0.74–1.09] | 8.25 × 10−4 | 0.89 [0.7–1.1] | 0.83 [0.71–0.99] | 0.019 |
Preoperative hemoglobin, mg/dL | 12.6 [10.8–14.0] | 13.2 [11.8–14.4] | 3.71 × 10−13 | 12.55 [10.7–14.2] | 13.60 [12.5–14.7] | 3.21 × 10− 12 |
Case duration, min | 205 [128.5–289.5] | 165 [106–251] | 1.26 × 10− 10 | 285.0 [193.0–389.0] | 199.0 [136.0–305.0] | 2.2 × 10− 16 |
General anesthesia | 911 (95%) | 6658 (91.3%) | 2.87 × 10−3 | 274 (98.9%) | 5163 (90.2%) | 8.43 × 10−9 |
Elixhauser comorbidities | ||||||
AIDS/HIV | 3 (0.31%) | 10 (0.14%) | 0.197 | 0 (0%) | 8 (0.14%) | 1 |
Alcohol abuse | 18 (1.9%) | 124 (1.7%) | 0.694 | 8 (2.9%) | 10 (1.9%) | 0.262 |
Blood loss anemia | 6 (0.63%) | 24 (0.3%) | 0.152 | 3 (1.1%) | 38 (0.7%) | 0.437 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 134 (14%) | 768 (10.5%) | 0.001 | 63 (22.7%) | 1073 (18.8%) | 0.099 |
Congestive heart failure | 95 (10%) | 432 (4.7%) | 8.04 × 10−12 | 26 (9.4%) | 243 (4.2%) | 2.81 × 10−4 |
Deficiency anemia | 11 (1.5%) | 38 (1%) | 0.192 | 15 (5.4%) | 110 (1.9%) | 5.85 × 10−4 |
Diabetes mellitus | ||||||
Uncomplicated | 123 (12.8%) | 694 (9.5%) | 0.001 | 66 (23.8%) | 898 (15.7%) | 5.69 × 10–4 |
Complicated | 17 (1.1%) | 52 (0.5%) | 0.018 | 14 (5.1%) | 125 (2.2%) | 0.004 |
Hypertension | ||||||
Uncomplicated | 298 (28.6%) | 2085 (31.1%) | 0.113 | 147 (53.1%) | 2666 (46.6%) | 0.036 |
Complicated | 61 (1.9%) | 158 (0.7%) | 2.85 × 10−14 | 48 (17.3%) | 200 (3.5%) | 2.2 × 10−16 |
Liver disease | 70 (7.3%) | 234 (3.2%) | 2.54 × 10−10 | 35 (12.6%) | 426 (7.4%) | 0.004 |
Metastatic cancer | 67 (7%) | 525 (7.2%) | 0.807 | 65 (23.5%) | 807 (14.1%) | 5.15 × 10−5 |
Peripheral vascular disorders | 55 (5.7%) | 322 (4.4%) | 0.066 | 45 (16.2%) | 469 (8.2%) | 2.18 × 10− 5 |
Pulmonary circulation disorders | 34 (3.5%) | 120 (1.6%) | 4.39 × 10−5 | 19 (6.9%) | 149 (2.6%) | 2.43 × 10−4 |
Rheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular disease | 20 (2.1%) | 173 (2.4%) | 0.579 | 8 (2.9%) | 230 (4.0%) | 0.431 |
Valvular disease | 71 (7.4%) | 323 (4.4%) | 4.94 × 10−5 | 16 (5.8%) | 177 (3.1%) | 0.021 |