Table 1 Baseline and follow-up characteristics of the type 2 diabetes study population. Data are presented as mean (SD), except for sex, eGFR reduction, and medication (given as percentages of the population)

n

5104

5104

Male

2755 (54.0)

2755 (54.0)

Female

2349 (46.0)

2349 (46.0)

Age, years

70.0 (12.7)

Study period, years

6.8 (1.9)

Mean eGFR screening frequency, days

344.5 (195.7)

294.7 (118.8)

< 0.001

LDL-cholesterol, mmol/l

2.9 (1.1)

2.5 (1.0)

< 0.001

HbA1c, mmol/mol

51.0 (15.0)

49.1 (13.2)

< 0.001

eGFR, ml/min/1.72 m²

81.9 (19.2)

76.5 (22.2)

< 0.001

Plasma creatinine, μmol/l

79.5 (34.1)

85.5 (52.1)

< 0.001

Hemoglobin, g/l

141.4 (14.5)

137.3 (18.5)

< 0.001

BMI, kg/m²

30.3 (6.0)

29.8 (5.8)

0.004

Systolic BP, mmHg

148.3 (23.0)

135.9 (18.4)

< 0.001

Diastolic BP, mmHg

83.0 (12.4)

77.9 (11.2)

< 0.001

eGFR reduction < 25%, n (%)

4046 (87.4)

eGFR reduction ≥25%, n (%)

582 (12.6)

Any hypertensive medication

3029 (59.3)

4093 (80.2)

< 0.001

ACEi/ARB

2045 (41.9)

2861 (58.6)

< 0.001

Ca blockers

1350 (27.7)

1974 (40.4)

< 0.001

Beta blockers

1867 (36.6)

2289 (44.8)

< 0.001

Diuretics

1186 (23.2)

1688 (33.1)

< 0.001

Any diabetes medication

3029 (59.3)

4093 (80.2)

< 0.001

Metformin

2417 (47.4)

3283 (64.3)

< 0.001

SGLT2i

24 (0.5)

704 (13.8)

< 0.001

GLP-1 RAs

11 (0.2)

154 (3.0)

< 0.001

Gliptin

917 (18.0)

1321 (25.9)

< 0.001

Glitazone

11 (0.2)

18 (0.4)

0.265

Sulphonylureas

169 (3.3)

131 (2.6)

0.030

Any long acting insulin

811 (15.9)

1178 (23.1)

< 0.001

Multiple daily injections insulin therapy

366 (7.2)

709 (13.9)

< 0.001

Statin

2741 (53.7)

3479 (68.2)

< 0.001

Ezetimibe

243 (4.8)

370 (7.2)

< 0.001

Fibrates

23 (0.5)

23 (0.5)

1.000