Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the type 2 diabetes study population categorized as having normal or impaired kidney function. Data are presented as mean (SD), except for eGFR reduction, and medication (given as percentages of the population)

n (%)

4336 (87.4)

625 (12.6)

Male

2416 (55.7)

261 (41.8)

< 0.001

Female

1920 (44.3)

364 (58.2)

< 0.001

Mean age, years (SD)

68.9 (12.1)

81.3 (8.9)

< 0.001

Study period years (SD)

6.9 (1.8)

6.3 (2.2)

< 0.001

Mean eGFR screening frequency, days (SD)

300.1 (118.7)

252.9 (111.7)

< 0.001

LDL-cholesterol, mmol/l

2.5 (1.0)

2.4 (1.0)

0.012

HbA1c, mmol/mol

48.7 (13.0)

52.4 (14.1)

< 0.001

eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m²

81.1 (18.8)

45.3 (17.9)

< 0.001

Plasma creatinine, μmol/l

77.7 (29.7)

139.5 (109.8)

< 0.001

Hemoglobin, g/l

138.8 (17.9)

127.1 (19.6)

< 0.001

BMI, kg/m²

29.9 (5.8)

28.7 (5.1)

0.004

Systolic BP, mmHg

136.0 (18.1)

135.2 (19.9)

0.469

Diastolic BP, mmHg

78.4 (11.2)

75.4 (11.4)

< 0.001

Substantial reduction in eGFR (≥25%)

436 (10.8)

146 (25.0)

< 0.001

Any hypertensive medication

3641 (84.0)

585 (93.6)

< 0.001

ACEi/ARB

1714 (39.5)

325 (52.0)

< 0.001

Ca blockers

1115 (25.7)

233 (37.3)

< 0.001

Beta blockers

1890 (43.6)

389 (62.2)

< 0.001

Diuretics

1287 (29.7)

395 (63.2)

< 0.001

Any diabetes medication

3566 (82.2)

490 (78.4)

0.023

Metformin

2975 (68.6)

278 (44.5)

< 0.001

SGLT2i

681 (15.7)

18 (2.9)

< 0.001

GLP-1 RAs

137 (3.2)

15 (2.4)

0.365

Gliptin

1035 (23.9)

279 (44.6)

< 0.001

Glitazone

15 (0.3)

3 (0.5)

0.869

Sulphonylureas

110 (2.5)

20 (3.2)

0.403

Any long-acting insulin

947 (21.8)

224 (35.8)

< 0.001

Multiple daily injections of insulin therapy

537 (12.4)

170 (27.2)

< 0.001

Statin

3060 (70.6)

405 (64.8)

0.004

Ezetimibe

330 (7.6)

38 (6.1)

0.199

Fibrates

21 (0.5)

2 (0.3)

0.802