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Table 2 Baseline characteristics for the cohort and individual high-risk group

From: The association of center volume with transplant outcomes in selected high-risk groups in kidney transplantation

Variables

KDPI ≥ 85% (N = 17,485)

Donor with AKI (N = 12,662)

Donor with Hepatitis C + ( N = 4,223)

Low (n = 5873)

Medium (n = 5917)

High (n = 5695)

p-value

Low (n = 4227)

Medium (n = 4132)

High (n = 4303)

p-value

Low (n = 1424)

Medium (n = 1394)

High (n = 1405)

p-value

Recipient and Transplant Factors

 Age (%)

   

 < .0001

   

 < .0001

   

0.16

  18–35

4.0

3.0

3.5

11.8%

11.9%

10.2%

2.8%

1.8%

1.9%

  36–50

14.5%

15.6

14.5%

29.2%

30.1%

27.1%

25.1%

24%

24.5%

  51–65

48.4%

51.5%

48.7%

43.2%

41.4%

42.5%

60.5%

61.5%

63.4%

   > 65

33%

30%

33.3%

15.8%

16.7%

20.1%

11.5%

12.7%

10.2%

 Gender (%)

   

0.67

   

0.19

   

0.11

  Male

62.2%

62.9%

62.2%

62.4%

60.9%

62.7%

80.8%

82.5%

79.4%

  Female

37.8%

37.1%

37.8%

37.6%

39.1%

37.3%

19.2%

17.5%

20.6%

 Race (%)

   

 < .0001

   

 < .0001

   

 < .0001

  White

50.8%

38.3%

37.3%

45.2%

44.5%

30.7%

28.9%

21.7%

18.4%

  Black

28%

44.3%

33.5%

31.7%

41.5%

28.4%

55.8%

68.7%

71%

  Hispanic

12.5%

10.7%

16.5%

15.5%

8.8%

27.7%

11.8%

7.1%

7.5%

  Other

8.7%

6.6%

12.7%

7.6%

5.2%

13.2%

3.6%

2.4%

3.1%

BMI (kg/m2)

28

28

27.2

 < .0001

28.2

28.3

27.7

 < .0001

27.23

27.24

26.92

0.053

 Time on kidney waiting list

   

 < .0001

   

 < .0001

   

0.003

  0–1 year

31.1%

26.8%

30.7%

30.3%

27.7%

26.3%

57.9%

59%

64%

  1 to 3 years

40.5%

41%

39.4%

38.2%

36.7%

38.3%

32%

30.8%

28.7%

   > 3 years

28.4%

32.2%

29.9%

31.5%

35.6%

35.4%

10.2%

10.2%

7.3%

 HLA Mismatch Level (%)

   

0.002

   

 < .0001

   

0.1068

  0

4.3%

3.7%

3.2%

6.5%

6.1%

3.7%

1%

0.7%

0.5%

  1 to 2

4.9%

4.1%

4%

6.2%

6.5%

5.3%

3.6%

3.4%

2.2%

  3 to 6

90.8%

92.2%

92.8%

87.2%

87.5%

91%

95.4%

95.9%

97.3%

 PRA (%)

   

 < .0001

   

 < .0001

   

 < .0001

  0

60.1%

61.9%

65.9%

56.2%

55.2%

63.5%

69.1%

60.4%

72.7%

  0–20

21.9%

18.2%

17.5%

18.7%

16.9%

14.1%

15.2%

21.2%

12.3%

  20–80

13.1%

14.6%

11.9%

14.1%

14.9%

13.1%

11.5%

14.3%

10.9%

   > 80

5%

5.3%

4.7%

11%

12.9%

9.3%

4.2%

4.1%

4%

 Induction (%)

   

 < .0001

   

 < .0001

   

 < .0001

  Basiliximab

23.9%

21.2%

16%

19.1%

18.7%

13.2%

28.4%

26.2%

16.9%

  Alemtuzumab

8.3%

13.3%

14.5%

10.8%

13.8%

10.6%

5.3%

10.8%

2.9%

  Thymoglobulin

49.3%

42.4%

47.7%

51.6%

50.1%

59.5%

44.6%

43.2%

41.9%

  Other

0.5%

0.5%

0.4%

0.4%

0.6%

0.4%

0.8%

0.5%

0.4%

  Missing

18%

22.6%

21.3%

18.1%

16.9%

16.3%

20.9%

19.3%

37.9%

 Year of Transplantation (%)

   

 < .0001

   

 < .0001

   

0.13

  2000 ~ 2005

30.6%

28.2%

27.1%

 < .0001

23.6%

17%

17.7%

 < .0001

31%

29.6%

30.7%

0.13

  2006 ~ 2011

41.2%

42.4%

40.9%

35%

43.1%

33%

31.5%

34.8%

35.5%

  2012 ~ 2016

28.2%

29.4%

32%

41.4%

40%

49.3%

37.4%

35.7%

33.7%

Donor Categories

 Age

59.3

58.7

57.4

 < .0001

35.3

35.5

36.9

 < .0001

38.97

39.23

40.04

0.02

 Gender

   

 < .0001

   

0.03

   

0.14

  Male

42.7%

43.5%

47.4%

 < .0001

 < .0001

73.4%

71.3%

71%

0.03

 < .0001

66.3%

65.4%

62.8%

0.14

0.005

  Female

57.3%

56.5%

52.6%

26.6%

28.7%

29%

33.7%

34.6%

37.2%

 Race

  White

63.7%

53.3%

54.3%

 < .0001

0.24

65%

65.7%

55.6%

 < .0001

0.002

78.2%

77%

75.4%

0.005

0.97

  Black

24.3%

33.1%

27.5%

18.5%

22.9%

17.5%

9.2%

13.3%

12.7%

  Hispanic

8.3%

9.5%

11.7%

13.2%

8.7%

21.7%

11.4%

8.5%

10.8%

  Other

3.7%

4%

6.5%

3.3%

2.6%

5.2%

1.3%

1.2%

1.1%

BMI

28.1

28.3

28

28.6

28.9

29.2

26.15

26.13

26.32

 Hypertension

   

 < .0001

   

0.01

   

0.59

  No

27%

24.8%

29.8%

 < .0001

 < .0001

74.3%

73.4%

71.3%

0.01

 < .0001

78%

78.8%

77.2%

0.59

0.22

  Yes

73%

75.2%

70.2%

25.7%

26.6%

28.7%

22%

21.2%

22.8%

 Cause of death

  Anoxia

10.8%

11.3%

15.3%

 < .0001

 < .0001

36.5%

41.6%

46.5%

 < .0001

 < .0001

29.8%

30.2%

33%

0.22

 < .0001

  CVA

77.2%

78.7%

72.4%

24.8%

23.4%

26.3%

33.4%

31.7%

32.5%

  Other

12%

10%

12.3%

38.7%

35%

27.2%

36.8%

38.1%

34.5%

 Cold ischemia time (hours)

   < 12

30.2%

26%

18.4%

 < .0001

 < .0001

25.9%

21.3%

14.9%

 < .0001

 < .0001

28.9%

22.5%

21.5%

 < .0001

 < .0001

  12 to 24

53.8%

53.1%

42%

56.1%

52.3%

40.3%

52.4%

49.9%

45.6%

   > 24

16%

20.9%

39.5%

18%

26.4%

44.8%

18.7%

27.5%

32.9%

 Total months from diagnosis to transplantation

  0

9.3%

10.5%

12.3%

 < .0001

10.3%

12.2%

10.5%

 < .0001

8.8%

8.5%

13.1%

 < .0001

  0–12

5.9%

4.2%

5.7%

4.7%

4.4%

3.3%

10%

7.9%

11.6%

  12 to 24

14%

12%

13.5%

12.3%

11.2%

10.5%

20.9%

20.7%

21%

  > 24

70.8%

73.4%

68.5%

72.7%

72.2%

75.8%

60.4%

62.9%

54.3%