Skip to main content

Table 1 The effects of diets on renal parameters in animals with and without AKI

From: Beneficial effects of time and energy restriction diets on the development of experimental acute kidney injury in Rat: Bax/Bcl-2 and histopathological evaluation

 

Without AKI

With AKI

Groups

CTL

ER

TR

IF

HF

CTL

ER

TR

IF

HF

Parameters

Serum Urea (mg/dl)

70.83 ± 3.37

97.01 ± 5.35

83.01 ± 6.02

67.02 ± 4.85

60.33 ± 4.18

312 ± 10.51***

253.66 ± 6.88†††

204 ± 10.7###, ##

241 ± 15.22^^^

383.5 ± 14.38&&&

Serum Creatinine (mg/dl)

0.45 ± 0.03

0.57 ± 0.01

0.53 ± 0.02

0.54 ± 0.03

0.61 ± 0.07

3.38 ± 0.14***

2.3 ± 0.15 †††, ††

1.76 ± 0.1 ###, ##

2.86 ± 0.07^^^, ^

3.88 ± 0.17&

Urine Albumin excretion (mg/24 h)

0.51 ± 0.17

0.58 ± 0.15

0.41 ± 0.15

0.5 ± 0.18

0.75 ± 0.17

28.16 ± 1.92***

24.5 ± 1.97††

16.66 ± 0.8###, #

22.3 ± 0.66^^^, ^

31.83 ± 2.5

eGFR

(ml/min/100 g bw)

0.52 ± 0.01

0.48 ± 0.02

0.52 ± 0.02

0.52 ± 0.02

0.49 ± 0.02

0.1 ± 0.007***

0.18 ± 0.004†

0.26 ± 0.008###, #

0.11 ± 0.01

0.1 ± 0.004

Body weight (g)

244 ± 4.84

193 ± 3.43ΩΩΩ

261 ± 5.13

238 ± 5.32

285 ± 5.49ΦΦΦ

245 ± 4.43

192 ± 2.34

257 ± 4.11

240 ± 4.62

286 ± 5.07

Kidney weight (g)

1.008 ± 0.024

0.74 ± 0.023ΩΩΩ

1.001 ± 0.042

0.916 ± 0.036

1.188 ± 0.029ΦΦΦ

1.443 ± 0.031***

1.051 ± 0.035

1.373 ± 0.034

1.361 ± 0.027

1.776 ± 0.043

KW/BW ratio

0.41 ± 0.013

0.38 ± 0.008

0.38 ± 0.016

0.38 ± 0.015

0.41 ± 0.009

0.59 ± 0.01***

0.54 ± 0.016††

0.53 ± 0.014##

0.57 ± 0.015

0.62 ± 0.015

  1. Experimental groups (n = 6). Findings are reported based on Mean ± SEM
  2. CTL control, ER energy restriction, TR time restriction, IF intermittent fasting, HF high-fat diet, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, KW/BW ratio Kidney weight to body weight ratio, AKI acute kidney injury
  3. *** P < 0.001 VS. CTL without AKI for all parameters
  4. Serum urea in animals with AKI: ††† P < 0.001 VS. CTL and HF. ## P < 0.01 VS. ER. ### P < 0.001 VS. CTL and HF. ^^^ P < 0.001 VS. CTL and HF. &&& P < 0.001 VS. CTL
  5. Serum creatinine in animals with AKI: †† P < 0.01 VS. IF. ††† P < 0.001 VS. CTL and HF. ## P < 0.01 VS. ER. ### P< 0.001 VS. CTL, IF, and HF. ^ P < 0.05 VS. CTL. ^^^ P< 0.001 VS. HF. & P < 0.05 VS. CTL
  6. Urinary albumin excretion in animals with AKI: †† P < 0.01 VS. HF. # P < 0.05 VS. IF. ### P < 0.001 VS. CTL, ER, and HF. ^ P < 0.05 VS. CTL, ^^^ P < 0.001 VS. HF
  7. GFR in animals with AKI: † P < 0.05 VS. CTL, IF, and HF. # P < 0.05 VS. ER. ### P < 0.001 VS. IF, CTL, and HF
  8. Body weight and Kidney weight in animals without AKI: ΩΩΩ P < 0.001 VS. CTL. ΦΦΦ P < 0.001 VS. CTL
  9. KW/BW ratio in animals with AKI: †† P < 0.01 VS. HF. ## P < 0.01 VS. HF