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Epidemiology and Health Outcomes

The Epidemiology and Health Outcomes section considers manuscripts describing epidemiological studies relating to the field of nephrology. The section also considers systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Both qualitative and quantitative studies discussing health outcomes research and outcome measures are also considered by this section. Research related to clinical practice guidelines should be directed to the dedicated Guidelines and Policy section.

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  1. An analysis of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in a national sample of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patients receiving long-term dialysis has not been reported. It is often assumed that p...

    Authors: David J Yoo, Lawrence Agodoa, Christina M Yuan, Kevin C Abbott and Robert Nee

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2014 15:39

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  2. About 1% of patients admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) have hypernatremia, a condition associated with a mortality rate of 20 to 60%. Management recommendations originate from intensive care unit studi...

    Authors: Stanislas Bataille, Camille Baralla, Dominique Torro, Christophe Buffat, Yvon Berland, Marc Alazia, Anderson Loundou, Pierre Michelet and Henri Vacher-Coponat

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2014 15:37

    Content type: Research article

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  3. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and metabolic diseases has increased at different rates in different regions in China. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of CKD and to analyze a...

    Authors: Bo Lin, Lina Shao, Qun Luo, Lingxia Ou-yang, Fangfang Zhou, Biao Du, Qiang He, Jianyong Wu, Nan Xu and Jianghua Chen

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2014 15:36

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Children and adolescents with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in sub-Saharan Africa may have the worst outcomes globally. Barriers to management include late presentation, poor socioeconomic conditions, absence...

    Authors: Adanze O Asinobi, Adebowale D Ademola, Oluwatoyin O Ogunkunle and Susan A Mott

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2014 15:25

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death in patients with stage 4–5 Chronic Kidney disease (CKD, eGFR < 30). There are only limited data on the risk factors predicting these complications in CKD patien...

    Authors: Ahmad Farshid, Rajeev Pathak, Bruce Shadbolt, Leonard Arnolda and Girish Talaulikar

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:280

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Hyponatremia is associated with increased mortality in chronic kidney disease with and without end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Increasing evidence suggests that hyponatremia is not only a marker of severe unde...

    Authors: Shintaro Mandai, Michio Kuwahara, Yuri Kasagi, Keita Kusaka, Tomomi Tanaka, Satomi Shikuma, Wataru Akita and Sei Sasaki

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:276

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Dyspepsia is common among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and its association with delayed gastric emptying is not well established. We assessed the association of dyspepsia with gastric emptying time ...

    Authors: Luiz Derwal Salles Junior, Paulo Roberto Santos, Armênio Aguiar dos Santos and Marcellus Henrique Loiola Ponte de Souza

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:275

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Few population-based studies have examined the relationship between glycemic status and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in China. We examined the prevalence of CKD across categories of glycemia [diagnosed diabete...

    Authors: Yi Zhou, Justin B Echouffo-Tcheugui, Jian-jun Gu, Xiao-nan Ruan, Gen-ming Zhao, Wang-hong Xu, Li-ming Yang, Hong Zhang, Hua Qiu, K M Venkat Narayan and Qiao Sun

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:253

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Low 24-hour urine volume (24UV) may be a significant risk factor for decline in kidney function. We therefore aimed to study associated markers and possible determinants of 24UV in a sample of the Swiss popula...

    Authors: Tobias Schoen, Jonas Blum, Fred Paccaud, Michel Burnier, Murielle Bochud and David Conen

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:246

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Urban migration is associated with an increased risk of hypertension, obesity and diabetes in Indian migrants. This study assessed the relationship between internal migration and renal function in the Hyderaba...

    Authors: Phillippa K Bailey, Charles RV Tomson, Sanjay Kinra, Shah Ebrahim, KV Radhakrishna, Hannah Kuper, Dorothea Nitsch and Yoav Ben-Shlomo

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:240

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Renal disease is a known contributor to mortality in adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) and renal abnormalities are evident in childhood. Hyperfiltration (evidenced by elevated glomerular filtration rate, G...

    Authors: Prasad Bodas, Alex Huang, Mary Ann O’Riordan, John R Sedor and Katherine MacRae Dell

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:237

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a group of rare kidney diseases with a substantial health burden and high risk of progression to end-stage renal disease. Research in GN has been limited by poor availability of larg...

    Authors: Sean Barbour, Monica Beaulieu, Jagbir Gill, Ognjenka Djurdjev, Heather Reich and Adeera Levin

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:236

    Content type: Database

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  15. Cardiac troponin T is independently associated with cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Serum levels of high sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-TnT) reflect subcl...

    Authors: Ruth F Dubin, Yongmei Li, Jiang He, Bernard G Jaar, Radhakrishna Kallem, James P Lash, Gail Makos, Sylvia E Rosas, Elsayed Z Soliman, Ray R Townsend, Wei Yang, Alan S Go, Martin Keane, Christopher deFilippi, Rakesh Mishra, Myles Wolf…

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:229

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Frailty is a condition characterized by a decline in physical function and functional capacity. Common symptoms of frailty, such as weakness and exhaustion, are prevalent in patients with chronic kidney diseas...

    Authors: Simon R Walker, Kamalpreet Gill, Kerry Macdonald, Paul Komenda, Claudio Rigatto, Manish M Sood, Clara J Bohm, Leroy J Storsley and Navdeep Tangri

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:228

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Patients undergoing hemodialysis are at high risk of falls, with subsequent complications including fractures, loss of independence, hospitalization, and institutionalization. Factors associated with falls are...

    Authors: Mara A McAdams-DeMarco, Sunitha Suresh, Andrew Law, Megan L Salter, Luis F Gimenez, Bernard G Jaar, Jeremy D Walston and Dorry L Segev

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:224

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with proteinuria and could be a risk factor for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, few studies have examined the significance of vitamin D insufficiency as a contrib...

    Authors: Bancha Satirapoj, Pokkrong Limwannata, Amnart Chaiprasert, Ouppatham Supasyndh and Panbuppa Choovichian

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:206

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Responsiveness to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) varies widely among dialysis patients. ESA resistance has been associated with mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients, but in peritoneal dialysis (PD...

    Authors: Marit M Suttorp, Tiny Hoekstra, Joris I Rotmans, Ilka Ott, Moshe Mittelman, Raymond T Krediet and Friedo W Dekker

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:200

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a known risk factor for cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. We investigate the relationship between CKD stage, proteinuria, hypertension and these adverse outcomes in...

    Authors: Andrew P McGovern, Benjamin Rusholme, Simon Jones, Jeremy N van Vlymen, Harshana Liyanage, Hugh Gallagher, Charles RV Tomson, Kamlesh Khunti, Kevin Harris and Simon de Lusignan

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:198

    Content type: Research article

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  22. There is a paucity of information about the views of dialysis nurses towards dialysis modality selection, yet nurses often have the most direct contact time with patients. We conducted a survey to better under...

    Authors: Karthik K Tennankore, Jay Hingwala, Diane Watson, Joanne M Bargman and Christopher T Chan

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:192

    Content type: Research article

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  23. In the general population, reported levels of oxidative stress and antioxidant potential seem to vary. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of oxidant status markers in relation to estimated glo...

    Authors: Yuko Ishizaka, Minoru Yamakado, Akiko Toda, Mizuki Tani and Nobukazu Ishizaka

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:191

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have high prevalences in Taiwan and worldwide, but the role of HCV infection in causing CKD remains uncertain. This cohort study aimed to expl...

    Authors: Yi-Chun Chen, Wen-Yen Chiou, Shih-Kai Hung, Yu-Chieh Su and Shang-Jyh Hwang

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:187

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Some 7-10% of patients on replacement renal therapy (RRT) are receiving it because of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The age at initiation of RRT is expected to increase over time.

    Authors: Víctor Martínez, Jordi Comas, Emma Arcos, Joan Manel Díaz, Salomé Muray, Juan Cabezuelo, José Ballarín, Elisabet Ars and Roser Torra

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:186

    Content type: Research article

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  26. The number of adults with diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide, particularly in Asia and Africa. In sub-Saharan Africa, renal complications of diabetes may go unrecognized due to limited diagnostic resour...

    Authors: Mubarakali N Janmohamed, Samuel E Kalluvya, Andreas Mueller, Rodrick Kabangila, Luke R Smart, Jennifer A Downs and Robert N Peck

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:183

    Content type: Research article

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  27. This study describes chronic kidney disease of uncertain aetiology (CKDu), which cannot be attributed to diabetes, hypertension or other known aetiologies, that has emerged in the North Central region of Sri L...

    Authors: Nihal Jayatilake, Shanthi Mendis, Palitha Maheepala and Firdosi R Mehta

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:180

    Content type: Research article

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  28. The number of individuals suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing. Therefore, early identification of modifiable predictors of CKD is highly desirable. Previous studies suggest an association...

    Authors: Gabriele Nagel, Emanuel Zitt, Raphael Peter, Alfonso Pompella, Hans Concin and Karl Lhotta

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:177

    Content type: Research article

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  30. The number of elderly people over the age of 65 commencing dialysis in NZ has increased by almost 400% in the past decade. Few data are available about health related outcomes and survival on dialysis in the e...

    Authors: Robert Walker, Sarah Derrett, John Campbell, Mark R Marshall, Andrew Henderson, John Schollum, Sheila Williams and Bronwen McNoe

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:175

    Content type: Study protocol

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  31. About 39,000 patients were newly prescribed renal replacement therapy in Japan in 2011, resulting in a total of more than 300,000 patients being treated with dialysis. This high prevalence of treated end stage...

    Authors: Soichiro Iimori, Yumi Noda, Tomokazu Okado, Shotaro Naito, Takayuki Toda, Yoshiko Chida, Michio Kuwahara, Ryoichi Ando, Yasuhide Nishio, Yoshitaka Maeda, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Teiichi Tamura, Shigeaki Kimoto, Eiichiro Kanda, Seiji Inoshita, Momono Yoshikawa…

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:152

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Increasing evidence suggests a mechanistic link between the glycemic environment and renal and cardiovascular events, even below the threshold for diabetes. We aimed to assess the association between HbA1c and...

    Authors: Domingo Hernandez, Ana Espejo-Gil, M Rosa Bernal-Lopez, Jose Mancera-Romero, Antonio J Baca-Osorio, Francisco J Tinahones, Ana M Armas-Padron, Pedro Ruiz-Esteban, Armando Torres and Ricardo Gomez-Huelgas

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:151

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Individuals with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have excess risk of various cancer types. However, the total burden of human papillomavirus-related cancers remains unknown.

    Authors: Lars Skov Dalgaard, Ulrik Fassel, Lars Jørgen Østergaard, Bente Jespersen, Ole Schmeltz Søgaard and Søren Jensen-Fangel

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:137

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Multiple solutes are retained in uremia, but it is currently unclear which solutes are toxic. Small studies suggest that protein-bound solutes, such as p-cresol sulfate and indoxyl sulfate and intracellular so...

    Authors: Michal L Melamed, Laura Plantinga, Tariq Shafi, Rulan Parekh, Timothy W Meyer, Thomas H Hostetter, Josef Coresh and Neil R Powe

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:134

    Content type: Research article

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  36. For chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, national treatment guidelines recommend a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goal <100 mg/dL and blood pressure (BP) target <130/80 mmHg. This analysis asses...

    Authors: Andreas Kuznik, Jack Mardekian and Lisa Tarasenko

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:132

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. The number of elderly (≥75 years) patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has increased markedly, including in the Limousin region, which has the oldest population in France. We retrospectively compared o...

    Authors: Florence Glaudet, Carine Hottelart, Julien Allard, Vincent Allot, Frédérique Bocquentin, Rémy Boudet, Béatrice Champtiaux, Jean Pierre Charmes, Monica Ciobotaru, Zara Dickson, Marie Essig, Philippe Honoré, Céline Lacour, Christian Lagarde, Maria Manescu, Pierre Peyronnet…

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:131

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Diabetic nephropathy is a growing clinical problem, and the cause for >40% of incident ESRD cases. Unfortunately, few modifiable risk factors are known. The objective is to examine if albuminuria and history o...

    Authors: Douglas Gunzler, Anthony J Bleyer, Robert L Thomas, Alicia O’Brien, Gregory B Russell, Abdus Sattar, Sudha K Iyengar, Charles Thomas, John R Sedor and Jeffrey R Schelling

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:124

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Canada’s pandemic H1N1 influenza A (pH1N1) outbreak led to a high burden of critical illness. Our objective was to describe the incidence of AKI (acute kidney injury) in these patients and risk factors for AKI...

    Authors: Sean M Bagshaw, Manish M Sood, Jennifer Long, Robert A Fowler and Neill KJ Adhikari

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:123

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  40. The Canadian Study of Prediction of Death, Dialysis and Interim Cardiovascular Events (CanPREDDICT) is a large, prospective, pan-Canadian, cohort study designed to improve our understanding of determinants of ...

    Authors: Adeera Levin, Claudio Rigatto, Barrett Brendan, François Madore, Norman Muirhead, Daniel Holmes, Catherine M Clase, Mila Tang and Ognjenka Djurdjev

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:121

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  41. Group A streptococcus (GAS) is an etiological agent for the immune mediated sequela post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN). In some populations PSGN is recognized as a risk factor for chronic kidney dise...

    Authors: Mohan Ganesh Karmarkar, Gouri Pandharinath Hule, Niwrutti Khandu Hase, Preeti Rajeev Mehta, Scott Robert Walter and Kadaba Srinivasa Sriprakash

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:101

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Recent trends in parathyroidectomy rates are not known. Our objective was to investigate the trend in parathyroidectomy rates between 2001 and 2010, and to evaluate if the availability and reimbursement of cin...

    Authors: Jean-Philippe Lafrance, Héloïse Cardinal, Martine Leblanc, François Madore, Vincent Pichette, Louise Roy and Jacques Le Lorier

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:100

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Current data describing the epidemiology of acute kidney injury (AKI) following repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) are limited and long-term outcomes are largely unknown. Our objectives were t...

    Authors: Ilana Kopolovic, Kim Simmonds, Shelley Duggan, Mark Ewanchuk, Daniel E Stollery and Sean M Bagshaw

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:99

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects up to 16% of the adult population and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. People at highest risk from progressive CKD are defined by a sustained decline...

    Authors: Stephanie Stringer, Praveen Sharma, Mary Dutton, Mark Jesky, Khai Ng, Okdeep Kaur, Iain Chapple, Thomas Dietrich, Charles Ferro and Paul Cockwell

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:95

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  45. People with end-stage kidney disease treated with dialysis experience high rates of premature death that are at least 30-fold that of the general population, and have markedly impaired quality of life. Despite...

    Authors: Giovanni FM Strippoli, Suetonia C Palmer, Marinella Ruospo, Patrizia Natale, Valeria Saglimbene, Jonathan C Craig, Fabio Pellegrini, Massimo Petruzzi, Michele De Benedittis, Pauline Ford, David W Johnson, Eduardo Celia, Ruben Gelfman, Miguel R Leal, Marietta Torok, Paul Stroumza…

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:90

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  46. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an emerging public health problem worldwide. Previous studies have shown an association between blood pressure (BP) and CKD. However, it is not clear if there are ethnic differe...

    Authors: Charumathi Sabanayagam, Boon Wee Teo, E Shyong Tai, Tazeen H Jafar and Tien Yin Wong

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:86

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. Large, population-based administrative healthcare databases can be used to identify patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) when serum creatinine laboratory results are unavailable. We examined the validity...

    Authors: Jamie L Fleet, Stephanie N Dixon, Salimah Z Shariff, Robert R Quinn, Danielle M Nash, Ziv Harel and Amit X Garg

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:81

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Population-based data on the burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in sub-Saharan Africa is still very limited. We assessed the prevalence and determinants of CKD, and evaluated the concordance of commonly ad...

    Authors: Tandi E Matsha, Yandiswa Y Yako, Megan A Rensburg, Mogamat S Hassan, Andre P Kengne and Rajiv T Erasmus

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:75

    Content type: Research article

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  49. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major issue in public health. Its prevalence has been calculated using estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by the creatinine-based equations developed in the Modifi...

    Authors: Pierre Delanaye, Etienne Cavalier, Olivier Moranne, Laurence Lutteri, Jean-Marie Krzesinski and Olivier Bruyère

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:57

    Content type: Research article

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  50. The Liu Comorbidity Index uses the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) to quantify comorbidity in chronic dialysis patients, capturing baseline comorbidities from days 91 through 270 after dialysis initiat...

    Authors: Sally K Rigler, James B Wetmore, Jonathan D Mahnken, Lei Dong, Edward F Ellerbeck and Theresa I Shireman

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2013 14:51

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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