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Epidemiology and Health Outcomes

Section edited by Bernard Jaar and Deputy Section Editor Laura Plantinga

The Epidemiology and Health Outcomes section considers manuscripts describing epidemiological studies relating to the field of nephrology. The section also considers systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Both qualitative and quantitative studies discussing health outcomes research and outcome measures are also considered by this section. Research related to clinical practice guidelines should be directed to the dedicated Guidelines and Policy section.

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  1. Acute kidney injury (AKI) commonly occurs in intensive care units (ICUs), leading to adverse clinical outcomes and increasing costs. However, there are limited epidemiological data of AKI in the critically ill...

    Authors: Li Jiang, Yibing Zhu, Xuying Luo, Ying Wen, Bin Du, Meiping Wang, Zhen Zhao, Yanyan Yin, Bo Zhu and Xiuming Xi

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:468

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a well-known male-predominant inflammatory disease. This study aimed to assess the gender disparity in chronic kidney disease (CKD) in AS patients in China.

    Authors: Wenling Ye, Jing Zhuang, Yang Yu, Hang Li, Xiaomei Leng, Jun Qian, Yan Qin, Limeng Chen and Xue-mei Li

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:457

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at high risk of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The Kidney Failure Risk Equation (KFRE), which predicts ESKD risk among patients with CKD, has not been validated...

    Authors: Yeli Wang, Francis Ngoc Hoang Long Nguyen, John C. Allen, Jasmine Quan Lan Lew, Ngiap Chuan Tan and Tazeen H. Jafar

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:451

    Content type: Research article

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  5. In their correspondence, Hays et al. raise two main critiques of our recently published article entitled “Use of the KDQOL-36™ for assessment of health-related quality of life among dialysis patients in the Un...

    Authors: Dena E. Cohen, Andrew Lee, Scott Sibbel, Deborah Benner, Steven M. Brunelli and Francesca Tentori

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:448

    Content type: Correspondence

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    The original article was published in BMC Nephrology 2019 20:447

  6. A recent article in the journal reported analyses of KDQOL-36™ survey data collected from 240,343 adults (330,412 surveys) dialyzed at a large dialysis organization in the United States during 2014–2016. The a...

    Authors: Ron D. Hays, John D. Peipert and Joel D. Kallich

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:447

    Content type: Correspondence

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    The original article was published in BMC Nephrology 2019 20:112

    The Correspondence to this article has been published in BMC Nephrology 2019 20:448

  7. Research suggests that patients with end stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis have a higher rate of depression and dietary non adherence leading to hospitalization and mortality. The purpose of this rev...

    Authors: Mignote Hailu Gebrie and Jodi Ford

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:429

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is still characterized by a high mortality rate. While most patients with AKI are admitted in conventional medical units, current available data are still obtained from studies design...

    Authors: Jamal Bamoulid, Hélène Philippot, Amir Kazory, Maria Yannaraki, Thomas Crepin, Bérengère Vivet, Nadège Devillard, Caroline Roubiou, Catherine Bresson-Vautrin, Jean-Marc Chalopin, Cécile Courivaud and Didier Ducloux

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:419

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is an uncommon cause of end stage kidney disease (ESKD) and the clinical outcomes of patients with MPGN who commence kidney replacement therapy have not been com...

    Authors: Gregory J. Wilson, Yeoungjee Cho, Armando Teixiera-Pinto, Nicole Isbel, Scott Campbell, Carmel Hawley and David W. Johnson

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:417

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem, exhibiting sharp increases in incidence, prevalence, and attributable morbidity and mortality. There is a critical need to better understand the ...

    Authors: Keith C. Norris, O. Kenrik Duru, Radica Z. Alicic, Kenn B. Daratha, Susanne B. Nicholas, Sterling M. McPherson, Douglas S. Bell, Jenny I. Shen, Cami R. Jones, Tannaz Moin, Amy D. Waterman, Joshua J. Neumiller, Roberto B. Vargas, Alex A. T. Bui, Carol M. Mangione and Katherine R. Tuttle

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:416

    Content type: Study protocol

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  11. Kidney disease is a serious manifestation of systemic amyloidosis and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Tuberculosis (TB) occurs up to 27 times more commonly in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infec...

    Authors: Muhammed Hassen, William Bates and Mohammed Rafique Moosa

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:406

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the setting of chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be described as a “cruel alliance”, with CVD responsible for about half of all deaths among CKD patients. Chronic k...

    Authors: S. O. Oguntola, M. O. Hassan, R. Duarte, A. Vachiat, P. Manga and S. Naicker

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:399

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Diabetic nephropathy is a global common cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. A lot of research has been conducted in biomedical sciences, which has enhanced understanding of the pathoph...

    Authors: Eduardo De la Cruz-Cano, Cristina del C. Jiménez-González, Vicente Morales-García, Conny Pineda-Pérez, Juan G. Tejas-Juárez, Francisco J. Rendón-Gandarilla, Silvia Jiménez-Morales and José A. Díaz-Gandarilla

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:393

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Cancer in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an added burden to their overall morbidity and mortality. Cancer can be a cause or an effect of CKD. In CKD patients, a better understanding of cancer di...

    Authors: Rajkumar Chinnadurai, Emma Flanagan, Gordon C. Jayson and Philip A. Kalra

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:380

    Content type: Research article

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  16. This study was undertaken to compare the accuracy of chronic kidney disease-epidemiology collaboration (eGFRCKD-EPI) to modification of diet in renal disease (eGFRMDRD) and the Cockcroft-Gault formulas of Creatin...

    Authors: Sandro Gelsomino, Massimo Bonacchi, Fabiana Lucà, Fabio Barili, Stefano Del Pace, Orlando Parise, Daniel M. Johnson and Michele Massimo Gulizia

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:371

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) are frequently hospitalized. Reducing unplanned 30-day hospital readmissions is a key priority for improving the quality of health ...

    Authors: Yu Lin, Chao Yang, Hong Chu, Jingyi Wu, Ke Lin, Ying Shi, Haibo Wang, Guilan Kong and Luxia Zhang

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:363

    Content type: Research article

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  18. The diagnostic value of serum M-type phospholipase A2 receptor antibody (sPLA2R-ab) expression in patients with primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) has been established. However, the association between sPLA2...

    Authors: Yufeng Liang, Jianxin Wan, Yongping Chen and Yangbin Pan

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:360

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Evidences show that around 20% of biosimilar or originator erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) users are hyporesponsive. Controversial post-marketing data exist on the predictors of ESA hyporesponsiveness...

    Authors: Ingrasciotta Ylenia, Lacava Viviana, Marcianò Ilaria, Giorgianni Francesco, Tripepi Giovanni, D’ Arrigo Graziella, Chinellato Alessandro, Tari Daniele Ugo, Santoro Domenico and Trifirò Gianluca

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:359

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is often under-recognized and poorly documented via diagnoses, but the extent of under-recognition is not well understood among Medicare beneficiaries. The current study used claim...

    Authors: Clarissa J. Diamantidis, Sarah L. Hale, Virginia Wang, Valerie A. Smith, Sarah Hudson Scholle and Matthew L. Maciejewski

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:357

    Content type: Research article

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  21. High blood pressure is the most significant risk factor for the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Lowering blood pressure is a goal to prevent CKD progression. This study of adults w...

    Authors: Jianzhen Zhang, Helen G. Healy, Sree Krishna Venuthurupalli, Ken-Soon Tan, Zaimin Wang, Anne Cameron and Wendy E. Hoy

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:348

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Neighborhood racial mix is associated with dialysis facility performance metrics and mortality outcomes in patients on hemodialysis. We explored the association of neighborhood racial mix with emergency depart...

    Authors: Ladan Golestaneh, Atessa Farzami, Chikeluba Madu, Tanya Johns, Michal L. Melamed and Keith C. Norris

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:343

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Approximately 4–6% of incident end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients in the U.S. recover enough kidney function to discontinue dialysis but there is considerable geographic variation. We undertook this study...

    Authors: Zijin Chen, Benjamin J. Lee, Charles E. McCulloch, Nilka Ríos Burrows, Michael Heung, Raymond K. Hsu, Meda E. Pavkov, Neil R. Powe, Rajiv Saran, Vahakn Shahinian and Chi-yuan Hsu

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:342

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) of uncertain origin (CKDu) has affected North Central Province (Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa districts) of Sri Lanka. The cause is still unknown. The objective of this study was to...

    Authors: Asanga Venura Ranasinghe, Gardiye Weligamage Gamini Priyantha Kumara, Ranamuka Henayage Karunarathna, Ambepitiyawaduge Pubudu De Silva, Korale Gedara Dilini Sachintani, Jayaprakara Mudiyanselage Chathurika Nayani Gunawardena, Sembu Kuttige Champika Ruwan Kumari, Mohamed Shali Fathima Sarjana, Janaka Sri Chandraguptha and Mannikawadumesthri Vipula Chandu De Silva

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:338

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Immunosuppressive agents have been widely used in the treatment of IgA nephropathy (IgAN), but the efficacy and safety remain controversial. The recent STOP-IgAN and TESTING studies have again focused attentio...

    Authors: Zheng Zhang, Yue Yang, Shi-min Jiang and Wen-ge Li

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:333

    Content type: Research article

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  27. A survival advantage associated with obesity has often been described in dialysis patients. The association of higher body mass index (BMI) with mortality and renal replacement therapy (RRT) in preterminal chr...

    Authors: Zaimin Wang, Jianzhen Zhang, Samuel Chan, Anne Cameron, Helen G. Healy, Sree K. Venuthurupalli, Ken-Soon Tan and Wendy E. Hoy

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:329

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Studies have reported conflicting findings on the infection risk posed by intravenous iron supplementation among hemodialysis (HD) patients. We used a novel study design to assess associations between intraven...

    Authors: Chieh-Li Yen, Yu-Sheng Lin, Yueh-An Lu, Hsin-Fu Lee, Cheng-Chia Lee, Ying-Chang Tung, George Kuo, Lung-Sheng Wu, Ya-Chung Tian and Pao-Hsien Chu

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:327

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Patients with cardiovascular disease are at an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, data on incident CKD in patients with multiple vascular comorbidities are insufficient. In this study, we...

    Authors: Saif Al-Shamsi, Abderrahim Oulhaj, Dybesh Regmi and Romona D. Govender

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:325

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Patients suffering from acute kidney injury (AKI) were associated with impaired sodium and potassium homeostasis. We aimed to investigate how admission serum sodium and potassium independently and jointly modi...

    Authors: Xu-ping Gao, Chen-fei Zheng, Min-qi Liao, Hong He, Yan-hua Liu, Chun-xia Jing, Fang-fang Zeng and Qing-shan Chen

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:311

    Content type: Research article

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  31. The benefits and risks of antiplatelet therapy for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain controversial. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of antiplatelet...

    Authors: Xiaole Su, Bingjuan Yan, Lihua Wang, Jicheng Lv, Hong Cheng and Yipu Chen

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:309

    Content type: Research article

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  32. The Southern Community Cohort Study is a prospective study of low socioeconomic status (SES) blacks and whites from the southeastern US, where the burden of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and its risk factors ...

    Authors: Fabian Bock, Thomas G. Stewart, Cassianne Robinson-Cohen, Jennifer Morse, Edmond K. Kabagambe, Kerri L. Cavanaugh, Kelly A. Birdwell, Adriana M. Hung, Khaled Abdel-Kader, Edward D. Siew, Elvis A. Akwo, William J. Blot, T. Alp Ikizler and Loren Lipworth

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:308

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a growing public health problem. Many risk factors were identified and interventions were applied accordingly, but the incidence of end-stage renal disease continued increasing....

    Authors: Chung-Yen Lu, Yin-Cheng Chen, Yu-Wen Lu, Chih-Hsin Muo and Ray-E Chang

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:304

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Chronic Kidney Disease in certain part of Sri Lanka and increasing burden of CKD in some other countries is a global public health problem. While the underlying causes of majority of cases are unknown, effecti...

    Authors: Nalaka Herath, Rajeewa Dassanayake, Manjula Dissanayake, Chamara Janitha, Kosala Weerakoon, Chalaka Kumarasinghe, Terence Gamini de Silva and Suneth Agampodi

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:298

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major global health problem. We aim to evaluate the epidemiology, risk factors and outcomes of AKI episodes in our single centre.

    Authors: Su Hooi Teo, Kian-Guan Lee, Riece Koniman, Alvin Ren Kwang Tng, Zhong Hong Liew, Thin Thiri Naing, Huihua Li, Ru Yu Tan, Han Khim Tan, Hui Lin Choong, W. Y. Marjorie Foo and Manish Kaushik

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:282

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) are not well characterized in prostate cancer patients. This study aimed to examine the clinical characteristics and postsurgical outcomes of pat...

    Authors: Chen Ning, Xinyi Hu, Fangming Liu, Jun Lin, Jian Zhang, Zhipeng Wang and Yichen Zhu

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:278

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Palliative care has improved the quality of end-of-life (EOL) care and lowered the health care cost of cancer, and these benefits should be extended to patients with other serious illnesses including end-stage...

    Authors: Jui-Kun Chiang, Jean-Shi Chen and Yee-Hsin Kao

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:265

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  39. There is limited evidence on the relationship between social support and renal outcomes in African Americans. We sought to determine the association of social support with prevalent chronic kidney disease (CKD...

    Authors: Rasheeda K. Hall, Clemontina A. Davenport, Mario Sims, Cathleen Colón-Emeric, Tiffany Washington, Jennifer St. Clair Russell, Jane Pendergast, Nrupen Bhavsar, Julia Scialla, Crystal C. Tyson, Wei Wang, Yuan-I Min, Bessie Young, L. Ebony Boulware and Clarissa J. Diamantidis

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:262

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Epidemiologic studies has shown an association of albuminuria and low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with dementia, but the findings are inconsistent. This study examines the association between e...

    Authors: Jessica Mira Gabin, Solfrid Romundstad, Ingvild Saltvedt and Jostein Holmen

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:261

    Content type: Research article

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  41. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding system is the industry standard tool for billing, disease classification, and epidemiology purposes. However, ICD codes are often not assigned or incor...

    Authors: Kabir Jalal, Edwin J. Anand, Rocco Venuto, Joe Eberle and Pradeep Arora

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:260

    Content type: Research article

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  42. The development of large-scale chronic kidney disease (CKD) cohorts within the Veterans Affairs (VA) system has been limited by several factors, including the high proportion of missing race data etc. The goal...

    Authors: Mukoso N. Ozieh, Mulugeta Gebregziabher, Ralph C. Ward, David J. Taber and Leonard E. Egede

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:241

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Body mass index (BMI) is associated with renal disease progression in unspecified CKD. The relationship between BMI and primary glomerular disease (GN) may be more complex. We aimed to evaluate the association...

    Authors: Benjamin M. P. Elyan, Jennifer S. Lees, Keith A. Gillis, Bruce Mackinnon, Jonathan G. Fox, Colin C. Geddes and Emily P. McQuarrie

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:237

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Maintenance dialysis is a costly and resource intense activity. In Australia, inadequate health infrastructure and poor access to technically skilled staff can limit service provision in remote areas where man...

    Authors: G. Gorham, K. Howard, Y. Zhao, A. M. S. Ahmed, P. D. Lawton, C. Sajiv, S. W. Majoni, P. Wood, T. Conlon, S. Signal, S. L. Robinson, S. Brown and A. Cass

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:231

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Maternal kidney disease (acute kidney injury (AKI), advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), dependence on dialysis or a kidney transplant) has a substantial impact on pregnancy, with risks of significant perina...

    Authors: Nadom Safi, Elizabeth Sullivan, Zhuoyang Li, Mark Brown, William Hague, Stephen McDonald, Michael J. Peek, Angela Makris, Angela M. O’Brien and Shilpanjali Jesudason

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:230

    Content type: Study protocol

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  48. Anabolic-androgenic steroids and growth hormone are among the most commonly used supplements by sportsmen and sportswomen. The aim of this systematic review is to collect and report available data about renal ...

    Authors: Dorna Davani-Davari, Iman Karimzadeh and Hossein Khalili

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:198

    Content type: Research article

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  49. Acid-base imbalance might promote the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), but whether nutrient-derived dietary acid load increases the risk of albuminuria or even high normoalbuminuria is unclear.

    Authors: Keiko Kabasawa, Michihiro Hosojima, Ribeka Takachi, Kazutoshi Nakamura, Yumi Ito, Akihiko Saito, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Junta Tanaka and Ichiei Narita

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:194

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Vitamin D deficiency is an important health concern because it is related to several comorbidities and mortality. However, its relationship with the risk of hematuria remains undetermined in the general popula...

    Authors: Hyunjin Ryu, Hyunjeong Cho, Yun Kyu Oh, Kwon Wook Joo, Yon Su Kim, Curie Ahn and Seung Seok Han

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2019 20:187

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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