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Epidemiology and Health Outcomes

Section edited by Bernard Jaar and Deputy Section Editor Laura Plantinga

The Epidemiology and Health Outcomes section considers manuscripts describing epidemiological studies relating to the field of nephrology. The section also considers systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Both qualitative and quantitative studies discussing health outcomes research and outcome measures are also considered by this section. Research related to clinical practice guidelines should be directed to the dedicated Guidelines and Policy section.

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  1. The most commonly used glomerular filtration rate estimating equations for drug dosing are Cockcroft-Gault (CG), Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration ...

    Authors: Hunduma Dinsa, Teshome Nedi and Alemseged Beyene Berha

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:368

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  2. Evidence on stages of renal impairment and related risk factors in Luxembourg is lacking. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and identify potential correlates among the g...

    Authors: Ala’a Alkerwi, Nicolas Sauvageot, Illiasse El Bahi, Charles Delagardelle, Jean Beissel, Stephanie Noppe, Paul J. Roderick, Jennifer S. Mindell and Saverio Stranges

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:358

    Content type: Research article

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  3. For people requiring hemodialysis, infectious mortality is independently associated with geographic distance from a nephrologist. We aimed to determine if differential management of catheter-related blood stre...

    Authors: Stephanie Thompson, Natasha Wiebe, Scott Klarenbach, Rick Pelletier, Brenda R. Hemmelgarn, John S. Gill, Braden J. Manns and Marcello Tonelli

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:357

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Hyperchloremia is common in critically ill septic patients. The impact of hyperchloremia on the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) is not well studied. We investigated the association between hyperchloremi...

    Authors: Lenar Yessayan, Javier A. Neyra, Fabrizio Canepa-Escaro, George Vasquez-Rios, Michael Heung and Jerry Yee

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:346

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) represents a great burden for the patient and the health system, particularly if diagnosed at late stages. Consequently, tools to identify patients at high risk of having CKD are n...

    Authors: Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco, J. Jaime Miranda, Robert H. Gilman, Josefina Medina-Lezama, Julio A. Chirinos-Pacheco, Paola V. Muñoz-Retamozo, Liam Smeeth, William Checkley and Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:343

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading cause of death before and after onset of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Knowing treatments that can delay disease progression will lead to reduced mortality. We there...

    Authors: Phisitt Vejakama, Atiporn Ingsathit, Gareth J. McKay, Alexander P. Maxwell, Mark McEvoy, John Attia and Ammarin Thakkinstian

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:342

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Predictive abilities of cardiovascular biomarkers to renal function decline are more significant in Chinese community-dwelling population without glomerular filtration rate (GFR) below 60 ml/min/1.73m2, and long-...

    Authors: Shihui Fu, Chunling Liu, Leiming Luo and Ping Ye

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:331

    Content type: Research article

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  9. The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare’s first report into acute kidney injury demonstrated a significant increase in the incidence of acute-tubulo interstitial nephritis, the ICD-10 code representing ...

    Authors: Gregory J. Wilson, Adrian L. Kark, Leo P. Francis, Wendy Hoy, Helen G. Healy and Andrew J. Mallett

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:329

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Hyponatremia (serum sodium concentration < 135 mmol/L) is the most common electrolyte abnormality and is a predictor of the mortality of hospitalized patients in Western countries. However, hyponatremia data a...

    Authors: Jinling Hao, Yang Li, Xuehan Zhang, Cheng Pang, Yi Wang, Sagar U. Nigwekar, Ling Qiu and Limeng Chen

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:328

    Content type: Research article

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  11. The differential diagnosis of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is complex however the rapid diagnosis of the underlying condition is vital to inform urgent treatment decisions. A survey was devised with the ob...

    Authors: T. Sakari Jokiranta, Ondrej Viklicky, Saleh Al Shorafa, Rosanna Coppo, Christoph Gasteyger, Manuel Macia, Tatiana Pankratenko, Mohan Shenoy, Oğuz Soylemezoglu, Michel Tsimaratos, Jack Wetzels and Hermann Haller

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:324

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Efficient and safe delivery of care to dialysis patients is essential. Concerns have been raised regarding the ability of accountable care organizations to adequately serve this high-risk population. Little is...

    Authors: Bjorg Thorsteinsdottir, Priya Ramar, LaTonya J. Hickson, Megan S. Reinalda, Robert C. Albright, Jon C. Tilburt, Amy W. Williams, Paul Y. Takahashi, Molly M. Jeffery and Nilay D. Shah

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:322

    Content type: Research article

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  13. This study aimed to compare clinical features and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the Chinese chronic kidney disease (CKD) 3 population and determined the necessity of the subdivision of CKD3 in Chin...

    Authors: Zhangzhe Peng, Jinwei Wang, Qiongjing Yuan, Xiangcheng Xiao, Hui Xu, Yanyun Xie, Wei Wang, Ling Huang, Yong Zhong, Xiang Ao, Luxia Zhang, Minghui Zhao, Lijian Tao and Qiaoling Zhou

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:311

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Arrhythmia-related complications and sudden death are common in dialysis patients. However, routine cardiac monitoring has so far not been feasible. Miniaturization of implantable cardiac monitors offers a new...

    Authors: Naya El Hage, Bernard G. Jaar, Alan Cheng, Chloe Knight, Elena Blasco-Colmenares, Luis Gimenez, Eliseo Guallar and Tariq Shafi

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:309

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a major public health issue worldwide in the past few years. Pruritus is a common, well-recognized complication often seen in patients with chronic renal failure. For as...

    Authors: Inayat Ur Rehman and Tahir Mehmood Khan

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:302

    Content type: Research article

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  16. A balanced diet is essential to slowing the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and managing the symptoms. Currently, no tool is available to easily and quickly assess energy and macronutrient intake i...

    Authors: Aurélie Affret, Sandra Wagner, Douae El Fatouhi, Courtney Dow, Emmanuelle Correia, Maryvonne Niravong, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Julie De Chefdebien, Denis Fouque, Bénédicte Stengel, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault and Guy Fagherazzi

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:297

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Low and high blood potassium levels are common and were both associated with poor outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Whether such relationships may be altered in CKD patients receiving opt...

    Authors: Sandra Wagner, Marie Metzger, Martin Flamant, Pascal Houillier, Jean-Philippe Haymann, François Vrtovsnik, Eric Thervet, Jean-Jacques Boffa, Ziad A. Massy, Bénédicte Stengel and Patrick Rossignol

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:295

    Content type: Research article

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    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Nephrology 2017 18:308

  18. Diabetes-related end stage renal disease (DM-ESRD) is a devastating consequence of the type 2 diabetes epidemic, both of which disproportionately affect Indigenous peoples. Projecting case numbers and costs in...

    Authors: Amy Gao, Nathaniel D. Osgood, Ying Jiang and Roland F. Dyck

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:283

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Care coordination is a challenge for patients with kidney disease, who often see multiple providers to manage their associated complex chronic conditions. Much of the focus has been on primary care physician (...

    Authors: Virginia Wang, Clarissa J. Diamantidis, JaNell Wylie and Raquel C. Greer

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:274

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Periodontal disease occurs relatively prevalently in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but it remains indeterminate whether periodontal disease is an independent risk factor for premature death in this...

    Authors: Jian Zhang, Hong Jiang, Min Sun and Jianghua Chen

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:269

    Content type: Research article

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  22. Objective of the study is to assess prevalence and survival among end stage renal disease patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS) within a national database (USRDS).

    Authors: Joseph J. DeFerio, Usha Govindarajulu, Amarpali Brar, Daniel Cukor, Kathleen G. Lee and Moro O. Salifu

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:258

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Since diabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD), this study aimed to develop a 5-year ESRD risk prediction model among Chinese patients with Type 2 DM (T2DM) in primary care.

    Authors: Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Daniel Yee Tak Fong, Colman Siu Cheung Fung, Esther Yee Tak Yu, Weng Yee Chin, Anca Ka Chun Chan and Cindy Lo Kuen Lam

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:257

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a common cause of adverse drug events (ADEs), but renal risks of NSAIDs are less well quantified than gastrointestinal and cardiac risks. This paper reports a...

    Authors: Xinyu Zhang, Peter T Donnan, Samira Bell and Bruce Guthrie

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:256

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Patient engagement and patient-centered care are critical in optimally managing patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Understanding patient preferences is a key element of patient-centered care and sha...

    Authors: Brett Hauber, John Caloyeras, Joshua Posner, Deborah Brommage, Vasily Belozeroff and Kerry Cooper

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:254

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Patient engagement in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is expected to result in a more patient-centered approach to care that aligns with patients’ values, preferences, and goals for treatment. Nevertheless, no ...

    Authors: Brett Hauber, John Caloyeras, Joshua Posner, Deborah Brommage, Spiros Tzivelekis and Allan Pollock

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:253

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Hemodialysis (HD) patients have increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Impaired stem cell health and adipocytokine metabolism may play important roles in the complex pathophysiological mechanisms of C...

    Authors: Abdullah Ozkok, Riza Atas, Suzan Adin Cinar, Akar Yilmaz, Esin Aktas, Gunnur Deniz and Alaattin Yildiz

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:250

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem. There are few studies in Latin America, especially in primary care settings. Our objective was to determine the prevalence, stages, and associ...

    Authors: Percy Herrera-Añazco, Alvaro Taype-Rondan, María Lazo-Porras, E. Alberto Quintanilla, Victor Manuel Ortiz-Soriano and Adrian V. Hernandez

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:246

    Content type: Research article

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  29. The epidemiology and outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in prevalent non-renal solid organ transplant recipients is unknown.

    Authors: Girish N. Nadkarni, Kinsuk Chauhan, Achint Patel, Aparna Saha, Priti Poojary, Sunil Kamat, Shanti Patel, Rocco Ferrandino, Ioannis Konstantinidis, Pranav S. Garimella, Madhav C. Menon and Charuhas V. Thakar

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:244

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Prediction models in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) are useful in clinical settings to identify patients with greater risk of a rapid disease progression in whom a treatment may have more...

    Authors: Laura Girardat-Rotar, Julia Braun, Milo A. Puhan, Alison G. Abraham and Andreas L. Serra

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:241

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Asians have among the highest prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage renal disease in the world. A risk score capable of identifying high risk individuals at the primary care level could allow...

    Authors: Krittika Saranburut, Prin Vathesatogkit, Nisakron Thongmung, Anchalee Chittamma, Somlak Vanavanan, Tuangrat Tangstheanphan, Piyamitr Sritara and Chagriya Kitiyakara

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:240

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Physical and psychological symptoms are among main manifestations of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). This study aimed to assess the symptom burden and self-perceived severity of symptoms among CKD patients livin...

    Authors: Sameera Senanayake, Nalika Gunawardena, Paba Palihawadana, Palitha Bandara, Rashan Haniffa, R Karunarathna and Priyantha Kumara

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:228

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  33. Physical, cognitive and psychosocial functioning are frequently impaired in dialysis patients and impairment in these domains relates to poor outcome. The aim of this analysis was to compare the prevalence of ...

    Authors: I. N. van Loon, M. L. Bots, F. T. J. Boereboom, M. P. C. Grooteman, P. J. Blankestijn, M. A. van den Dorpel, M. J. Nubé, P. M. Ter Wee, M. C. Verhaar and M. E. Hamaker

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:217

    Content type: Research article

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  34. End-Stage renal disease (ESRD) causes considerable morbidity and mortality, and significantly alters patients’ quality of life. There are very few published data on this problem in the French Overseas territor...

    Authors: Dévi Rita Rochemont, Mohamed Meddeb, Raoul Roura, Cécile Couchoud, Mathieu Nacher and Célia Basurko

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:207

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major contributor to mortality in the general population. Understanding the factors that drive this process will help delay progression of CKD. The study aimed to estimate the...

    Authors: Phisitt Vejakama, Atiporn Ingsathit, Mark McEvoy, John Attia and Ammarin Thakkinstian

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:205

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  36. Acute kidney injury (AKI) places a heavy burden on the healthcare system in China and is usually misdiagnosed. However, there are limited studies that have described the epidemiology and diagnosis of AKI in Ch...

    Authors: Xiaoyan Cheng, Buyun Wu, Yun Liu, Huijuan Mao and Changying Xing

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:203

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. The use of dipstick proteinuria to screen Chronic Kidney Disease of uncertain aetiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka is a recently debated matter of dispute. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of bioma...

    Authors: Samantha Ratnayake, Zeid Badurdeen, Nishantha Nanayakkara, Tilak Abeysekara, Neelakanthi Ratnatunga and Ranjith Kumarasiri

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:199

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Nephrology 2017 18:236

  38. Inflammatory processes are very important in the development of kidney disease. Nevertheless, the association between white blood cell (WBC) count and the risk of renal dysfunction has not been well-establishe...

    Authors: Fangfang Fan, Jia Jia, Jianping Li, Yong Huo and Yan Zhang

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:190

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  39. Chronic kidney disease [CKD] is recognised as a global public health problem. Until recently, the majority of information informing on CKD has been generated from renal registries reporting on patients with en...

    Authors: Sree K. Venuthurupalli, Wendy E. Hoy, Helen G. Healy, Anne Cameron and Robert G. Fassett

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:189

    Content type: Database

    Published on:

  40. Previous studies have indicated that reduced kidney function and albuminuria are associated with increased risk of mortality and adverse cardiovascular outcomes, however, the evidence from the Asian population...

    Authors: Jinwei Wang, Fang Wang, Shiwei Liu, Maigeng Zhou, Luxia Zhang and Minghui Zhao

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:188

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  41. Low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) have been extensively studied and became the treatment of choice for several indications including pulmonary embolism. While their efficacy in hemodialysis is considered si...

    Authors: Hind Harrak Lazrak, Émilie René, Naoual Elftouh, Martine Leblanc and Jean-Philippe Lafrance

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:187

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Little is known about determinants of quality of life (QoL) in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Recent studies suggest that QoL in ADPKD is determined by more factors than mere renal funct...

    Authors: Myrte K. Neijenhuis, Wietske Kievit, Ronald D. Perrone, Jeff A. Sloan, Patricia Erwin, Mohammad Hassan Murad, Tom J. G. Gevers, Marie C. Hogan and Joost P. H. Drenth

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:169

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  43. Periodontitis is associated with cardiovascular mortality in the general population and adults with chronic diseases. However, it is unclear whether periodontitis predicts survival in the setting of kidney fai...

    Authors: Marinella Ruospo, Suetonia C Palmer, Germaine Wong, Jonathan C Craig, Massimo Petruzzi, Michele De Benedittis, Pauline Ford, David W Johnson, Marcello Tonelli, Patrizia Natale, Valeria Saglimbene, Fabio Pellegrini, Eduardo Celia, Ruben Gelfman, Miguel R Leal, Marietta Torok…

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:166

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  44. Urinary tract infection is the most common complication after kidney transplantation. It can cause severe sepsis and transplant loss. Emergence of drug resistance among gram-negative urinary pathogens is the c...

    Authors: Johannes Korth, Julia Kukalla, Peter-Michael Rath, Sebastian Dolff, Marco Krull, Hana Guberina, Anja Bienholz, Benjamin Wilde, Stefan Becker, Birgit Ross, Olympia Evdoxia Anastasiou, Andreas Kribben and Oliver Witzke

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:164

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Whether metformin precipitates lactic acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains under debate. We examined whether metformin use was associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury...

    Authors: Samira Bell, Bassam Farran, Stuart McGurnaghan, Rory J. McCrimmon, Graham P Leese, John R Petrie, Paul McKeigue, Naveed Sattar, Sarah Wild, John McKnight, Robert Lindsay, Helen M. Colhoun and Helen Looker

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:163

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  46. While chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing public health concern in low- and middle-income countries, such as China, few studies have investigated the association between urbanization and the occurrence o...

    Authors: Yosuke Inoue, Annie Green Howard, Amanda L. Thompson, Michelle A. Mendez, Amy H. Herring and Penny Gordon-Larsen

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:160

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. Reducing LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) with statin-based therapy reduces the risk of major atherosclerotic events among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), with no evidence of an excess risk of cancer or dea...

    Authors: C. Reith, N. Staplin, W. G. Herrington, W. Stevens, J. Emberson, R. Haynes, M. Mafham, J. Armitage, A. Cass, J. C. Craig, L. Jiang, T. Pedersen, C. Baigent and M. J. Landray

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:147

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. Basic and translational research supports beneficial effects of statins on bone metabolism. Clinical studies suggest that statin use may reduce the risk of hip fractures in the general population. Whether stat...

    Authors: Chandan Vangala, Colin R. Lenihan, Maria E. Montez-Rath, Sumi Sukumaran Nair, Sankar D. Navaneethan, Venkat Ramanathan and Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:145

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is being increasingly recognised in ageing populations. There are a paucity of data about AKI risk factors among older individuals with diabetes and infections, who are at particularl...

    Authors: Anu Jain, Helen I. McDonald, Dorothea Nitsch, Laurie Tomlinson and Sara L. Thomas

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2017 18:142

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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