Table 2 Baseline characteristics (1999 or earlier) evaluated for the prediction of ESRD (RRT) that occurred between 2000 through 2004; Table 1 explains how characteristics were measured.
Characteristic | % or mean cases (n = 485) | % or mean controls (n = 4,850) | Odds Ratio* (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic matching | |||
Age (mean, continuous) | 64.4 | 64.4 | (matched) |
Sex (%, male is referent) | 45.6 | 45.6 | (matched) |
Clinical | |||
BMI (%) | |||
<30 (referent) | 51.1 | 52.2 | |
≥30 | 41.7 | 32.7 | 1.28 (1.06 to1.56) |
Unknown | 7.2 | 15.2 | |
Current smoking (%) | |||
Nonsmoker (referent) | 63.9 | 54.0 | |
Smoker | 32.8 | 33.2 | 0.82 (0.67 to 1.00) |
Unknown | 3.3 | 12.8 | |
Hypertension (%) | 90.9 | 53.4 | 11.15 (8.03 to 15.48) |
Hyperlipidemia or statin (%) | 62.7 | 42.5 | 2.36 (1.93 to 2.87) |
Diabetes (%) | 54.0 | 15.9 | 6.67 (5.45 to 8.15) |
Coronary artery disease (%) | 19.8 | 7.9 | 3.07 (2.38 to 3.98) |
Congestive heart failure (%) | 25.0 | 4.4 | 8.25 (6.35 to 10.72) |
Peripheral vascular disease (%) | 23.1 | 3.8 | 8.18 (6.27 to 10.67) |
Retinopathy (%) | 18.1 | 1.1 | 19.41 (13.63 to 27.62) |
Kidney disease (%) | 53.0 | 1.9 | 61.62 (46.61 to 81.46) |
Acute renal failure (%) | 8.0 | 0.4 | 24.78 (13.90 to 44.18) |
Kidney stone (%) | 2.9 | 2.1 | 1.40 (0.79 to 2.47) |
Gout/Uric acid (%) | 62.7 | 18.3 | 8.20 (6.68 to 10.06) |
ACEI/ARB use (%) | 65.0 | 19.8 | 8.80 (7.11 to 10.89) |
Laboratory | |||
Renal function (GFR, %) | |||
90+ (referent) | 6.4 | 17.8 | |
60-89 | 13.8 | 38.6 | 1.73 (1.10 to 2.70) |
<60 | 75.9 | 11.2 | 50.52 (32.55 to 78.42) |
30-59 (Stage 3) | 35.9 | 10.6 | 24.96 (15.83 to 39.36) |
<30 (Stage 4 or 5) | 40.0 | 0.6 | 533.51 (292.57 to 972.89) |
Unknown | 3.9 | 32.4 | |
Inflammation (%) | |||
No (referent) | 65.0 | 52.7 | |
Yes | 24.7 | 11.9 | 1.74 (1.38 to 2.19) |
Unknown | 10.3 | 35.4 | |
Urine Protein (%) | |||
No (referent) | 28.9 | 47.1 | |
Yes | 44.1 | 4.2 | 18.89 (14.31 to 24.73) |
Unknown | 27.0 | 48.7 | |
Impaired fasting plasma glucose (%) | |||
No (referent) | 32.4 | 35.2 | |
Yes | 22.5 | 6.8 | 3.64 (2.77 to 4.78) |
Unknown | 45.2 | 58.0 |