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Table 4 Association of systolic and diastolic blood pressure with time until the start of renal replacement therapy during the first year of pre-dialysis care

From: Association of blood pressure with decline in renal function and time until the start of renal replacement therapy in pre-dialysis patients: a cohort study

 

Events/n

Crude HR

Adjusted HR†

Adjusted HR‡

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg):

Per 10

235/508

1.08 (1.03;1.13)

1.09 (1.04;1.14)

1.09 (1.04;1.14)

   < 130

29/91

1

1

1

130-149

60/136

1.52 (0.97;2.36)

1.54 (0.99;2.41)

1.60 (1.02;2.50)

150-169

74/147

1.82 (1.19;2.80)

1.88 (1.22;2.90)

1.96 (1.27;3.02)

170-189

46/83

2.09 (1.31;3.32)

2.20 (1.37;3.53)

2.25 (1.40;3.63)

   ≥ 190

26/51

2.10 (1.24;3.57)

2.27 (1.33;3.90)

2.21 (1.28;3.80)

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg):

Per 10

235/508

1.15 (1.04;1.27)

1.15 (1.04;1.27)

1.16 (1.05;1.28)

   < 80

63/153

1

1

1

80-89

76/174

1.02 (0.73;1.43)

1.03 (0.74;1.44)

1.05 (0.75;1.48)

90-99

49/106

1.09 (0.75;1.58)

1.11 (0.76;1.62)

1.11 (0.76;1.62)

≥ 100

47/75

1.84 (1.26;2.69)

1.85 (1.26;2.71)

1.88 (1.27;2.78)

Blood pressure treatment target goal (mmHg):

< 130/< 80

17/58

1

1

1

≥ 130/< 80

46/95

1.93 (1.11;3.37)

2.03 (1.15;3.57)

2.24 (1.26;3.97)

< 130/≥ 80

12/33

1.18 (0.56;2.47)

1.18 (0.56;2.47)

1.31 (0.62;2.78)

≥ 130/≥ 80

160/322

1.91 (1.16;3.16)

1.96 (1.19;3.23)

2.08 (1.25;3.44)

  1. The hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval, CI) presented for each blood pressure category indicates the increased risk of starting renal replacement therapy (RRT) compared to the reference category (systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 130 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) < 80 mmHg, and SBP/DBP < 130/< 80 mmHg).
  2. † Adjusted for sex and age. ‡ Adjusted for sex, age, race, smoking, primary kidney disease, and the co-morbidities cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM).