Prognostic utility of plasma S100A12 levels to establish a novel scoring system for predicting mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a two-year prospective observational study in Japan

Table 4 Clinical characteristics and plasma S100A12 levels in the validation population

	All (n = 303)	Died (n = 33)^a	Survived (n = 264)^a	P value^b
Age (years)	69.4 ± 11.7^c	74.9 ± 10.5	68.7 ± 11.4	0.003**
Male/Female (n)	195/108	27/6	165/99	0.029*
Current smoker/nonsmoker (n)	51/252	5/28	46/218	0.744
Duration of HD (years)	7.4 ± 7.2	6.6 ± 4.4	7.6 ± 7.5	0.254
Systolic BP (mmHg)	148.3 ± 23.0	146.2 ± 26.7	148.5 ± 22.6	0.594
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	10.4 ± 1.2	9.9 ± 1.4	10.5 ± 1.2	0.007**
White blood cells (/mm³)	5438 ± 1579	5867 ± 1707	5393 ± 1557	0.104
Platelet (10⁴/μL)	17.7 ± 5.8	16.8 ± 5.8	17.7 ± 5.8	0.380
hs-CRP (mg/L)	0.9 (0.4–3.4) ^d	1.4 (0.6–7.8)	0.9 (0.4–3.0)	0.013*
Creatinine (mg/dL)	9.0 ± 2.8	7.4 ± 2.6	9.3 ± 2.7	<0.001**
Albumin (g/dL)	3.6 ± 0.4	3.3 ± 0.5	3.6 ± 0.3	<0.001**
Sodium (mEq/L)	139.6 ± 2.8	138.8 ± 3.5	139.7 ± 2.6	0.172
Potassium (mEq/L)	4.9 ± 0.8	4.7 ± 0.8	4.9 ± 0.8	0.076
Adjusted calcium (mg/dL)	9.1 ± 0.7	9.2 ± 0.6	9.1 ± 0.7	0.404
Phosphate (mg/dL)	4.9 ± 1.2	4.6 ± 1.4	5.0 ± 1.2	0.162
Calcium (mg/dL) × Phosphate (mg/dL)	42.7 ± 11.5	39.5 ± 11.9	43.3 ± 11.5	0.078
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	146.6 ± 34.3	142.6 ± 42.9	147.3 ± 32.7	0.453
DN/nonDN (n)	132/171	21/12	110/154	0.017*
History of CVD/no history of CVD (n)	86/217	15/18	69/195	0.020*
Plasma S100A12 levels (ng/mL)	20.39 (12.65–37.98)^d	28.60 (14.18–43.80)	19.45 (12.54–35.46)	0.035*

^aSix patients were excluded from the final evaluation because they moved to another dialysis center or were lost to follow-up. ^bDied versus survived. ^cMeans ± SD (all such values). ^dMedian value; 25%–75% value shown in parentheses (all such values). HD = hemodialysis, BP = blood pressure, hs-CRP = high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, DN = diabetic nephropathy, CVD = cardiovascular disease.
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.

ISSN: 1471-2369