Skip to main content

Table 1 Serum levels of indoxyl sulfate at the 32nd weeks of animal study 1 and at the 10th week of animal study 2

From: Indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin, downregulates renal expression of Nrf2 through activation of NF-κB

 

Serum indoxyl sulfate (mg/dl)

Animal study 1

 

  DN

0.10±0.01

  DN+IS

0.94±0.13**###

  DH

0.06±0.01

  DH+IS

1.89±0.26**###

Animal study 2

 

  Normal

0.08±0.007

  CKD

0.52 ± 0.16*

  CKD+AST-120

0.12±0.02#

  1. Data are expressed as mean±SE (n=8 for animal study 1, or n=9 for animal study 2).
  2. **P < 0.01 vs. DN; ### P<0.001 vs. DH.
  3. * P <0.05 vs. normal, # P <0.05 vs. CKD.
Back to article page

BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

Contact us