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Table 3 Determinants of CKD stage 3–5 (age, sex and cohort adjusted analyses)

From: Chronic kidney diseases in mixed ancestry south African populations: prevalence, determinants and concordance between kidney function estimators

Variables

MDRD

MDRD corrected

CKD-EPI

CKD-EPI corrected

CG

Age (/year)

1.10 (1.08-1.11)

1.11 (1.09-1.13)

1.13 (1.11-1.15)

1.14 (1.11-1.17)

1.18 (1.15-1.21)

Female gender

3.08 (2.07-4.69)

2.42 (1.34-4.63)

2.56 (1.63-4.10)

2.09 (1.15-3.98)

0.74 (0.47-1.63)

Cohort

0.24 (0.15-0.39)

0.44 (0.19-0.91)

0.34 (0.19-0.58)

0.28 (0.09-0.66)

0.35 (0.18-0.64)

Current smoking

0.99 (0.71-1.39)

0.67 (0.37-1.17)

0.84 (0.55-1.26)

0.55 (0.38-1.02)

1.72 (1.09-2.77)

BMI (/kg/m2)

1.01 (0.99-1.03)

1.01 (0.98-1.05)

1.01 (0.98-1.04)

1.00 (0.96-1.04)

0.82 (0.79-0.86)

WC (/cm)

1.00 (0.99-1.01)

1.01 (1.00-1.03)

1.00 (0.99-1.02)

1.01 (0.99-1.02)

0.93 (0.91-0.94)

Hip circumference (/cm)

1.00 (0.99-1.02)

1.00 (0.99-1.02)

1.00 (0.99-1.02)

1.00 (0.98-1.02)

0.91 (0.89-0.93)

WHR (/unit)

0.66 (0.09-4.68)

14.63 (0.89-152)

1.01 (0.10-9.85)

9.86 (0.40-176)

0.03 (0.002-0.44)

SBP (/mm Hg)

1.00 (0.99-1.01)

0.99 (0.98-1.01)

1.00 (0.99-1.01)

0.99 (0.98-1.00)

0.99 (0.98-1.00)

DBP (/mm Hg)

1.00 (0.99-1.02)

1.00 (0.98-1.02)

1.00 (0.99-1.02)

1.00 (0.98-1.01)

0.98 (0.96-1.00)

Known hypertension

1.96 (1.35-2.90)

2.54 (1.35-5.16)

1.98 (1.27-3.18)

2.55 (1.31-5.31)

1.34 (0.82-2.23)

FBG (/mmol/L)

0.98 (0.93-1.03)

1.06 (0.99-1.13)

1.00 (0.94-1.06)

1.05 (0.97-1.13)

0.97 (0.90-1.04)

PostBG (/mmol/L)

0.97 (0.92-1.02)

0.96 (0.88-1.03)

0.96 (0.90-1.01)

0.95 (0.87-1.03)

0.93 (0.87-1.00)

HbA1c (/%)

0.95 (0.84-1.06)

1.16 (1.00-1.32)

1.00 (0.88-1.13)

1.15 (0.98-1.33)

1.00 (0.86-1.15)

TC (/mmol/L)

1.10 (0.96-1.26)

1.04 (0.85-1.27)

1.19 (1.02-1.39)

0.96 (0.78-1.18)

0.96 (0.80-1.15)

TG (/mmol/L)

1.13 (0.96-1.33)

1.37 (1.07-1.70)

1.23 (1.01-1.48)

1.37 (1.04-1.75)

0.97 (0.74-1.25)

HDL-C (/mmol/L)

0.88 (0.55-1.39)

0.44 (0.20-0.92)

0.95 (0.55-1.61)

0.54 (0.24-1.16)

2.12 (1.19-3.74)

LDL-C (/mmol/L)

1.09 (0.94-1.27)

1.02 (0.81-1.28)

1.17 (0.98-1.39)

0.92 (0.72-1.16)

0.88 (0.72-1.07)

Serum cotinine

0.95 (0.86-1.05)

0.93 (0.79-1.08)

0.95 (0.85-1.07)

0.90 (0.76-1.07)

1.22 (1.07-1.39)

GGT (/unit)

1.09 (0.86-1.38)

1.17 (0.79-1.72)

1.03 (0.76-1.38)

1.20 (0.78-1.83)

1.25 (0.88-1.76)

Any diabetes

1.17 (0.83-1.63)

1.55 (0.96-2.46)

1.16 (0.79-1.69)

1.55 (0.94-2.55)

1.12 (0.73-1.71)

  1. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CG, Cockcroft-Gault; CKD-EPI, Chronic Kidney Disease Collaboration Epidemiology; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; GGT, gamma glutamyltransferase; HbA1c, glycosylated haemoglobin A1c; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; 4-v-MDRD, four variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio.
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BMC Nephrology

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