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Table 3 Changes in inflammatory biomarkers during the experiments

From: Effect of hyperinsulinemia during hemodialysis on the insulin-like growth factor system and inflammatory biomarkers: a randomized open-label crossover study

Inflammatory biomarkers

HD start

End of study

pa

pb

(0 min)

(360 min)

P-Albumin (g/L)

Overall:

38.8 ± 2.1

Overall:

40.4 ± 2.5

0.12

< 0.001

Mean ± SD

NT:

39.5 ± 1.4

NT:

41.3 ± 2.3

  
 

G:

38.1 ± 1.9

G:

40.4 ± 2.7

  
 

GI:

38.6 ± 2.8

GI:

39.6 ± 2.4

  

P-Fibrinogen (μmol/L)

Overall:

11.7 ± 1.7

Overall:

12.8 ± 1.8

0.12

< 0.001

Mean ± SD

NT:

11.9 ± 1.9

NT:

13.0 ± 2.0

 

G:

11.6 ± 1.6

G:

12.6 ± 1.6

GI:

11.7 ± 1.9

GI:

12.8 ± 2.0

S-hsCRP (mg/L)

Overall:

4.52 [0.40-10.68]

Overall:

4.67 [0.44-11.25]

0.61

0.55

Median [range]

NT:

4.75 [0.58-10.08]

NT:

6.06 [0.55-11.25]

 

G:

3.21 [0.50-8.20]

G:

3.35 [0.57-7.96]

 

GI:

6.48 [0.40-10.68]

GI:

6.40 [0.44-10.23]

P-IL-1β (ng/L)

Overall:

0.042 [0.010-0.185]

Overall:

0.039 [0.010-0.095]

0.68

0.002

Median [range]

NT:

0.042 [0.011-0.185]

NT:

0.031 [0.011-0.049]

 

G:

0.041 [0.010-0.157]

G:

0.039 [0.010-0.095]

 

GI:

0.043 [0.010-0.166]

GI:

0.039 [0.029-0.079]

P-IL-6 (ng/L)

Overall:

0.19 [0.04-2.33]

Overall:

0.18 [0.02-0.89]

0.96

0.25

Median [range]

NT:

0.14 [0.08-1.84]

NT:

0.19 [0.04-0.89]

 

G:

0.21 [0.04-0.97]

G:

0.17 [0.05-0.34]

 

GI:

0.20 [0.06-2.33]

GI:

0.30 [0.02-0.45]

P-TNF-α (ng/L)

Overall:

0.42 [0.02-9.36]

Overall:

0.29 [0.02-1.82]

0.76

0.09

Median [range]

NT:

0.27 [0.10-8.53]

NT:

0.27 [0.02-1.82]

 

G:

0.51 [0.02-2.89]

G:

0.26 [0.03-1.75]

 

GI:

0.36 [0.25-9.36]

GI:

0.46 [0.25-1.33]

  1. Abbreviations: HD, hemodialysis; NT, no treatment; G, glucose infusion; GI, glucose-insulin infusion; hsCRP, High-sensitivity CRP; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; IL-6, interleukin-6; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α.
  2. ap-value for comparison of differences in the change over time between no treatment (NT), glucose infusion (G), and glucose-insulin infusion (GI) study days.
  3. bp-value for comparison of overall change in biomarkers from HD start to the end of the study.