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Table 4 Influence of chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure, and diabetes on association between preoperative ACEi/ARB use and outcomes

From: Association between angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker use prior to major elective surgery and the risk of acute dialysis

Outcomes

Presence/absence of comorbid condition

AdjustedaRR (95% CI)

Pvalue (test for interaction)

AKI-D

CKD

Yes

0.62 (0.50, 0.78)

 < 0.001

 

No

1.00 (0.81, 1.24)

 

CHF

Yes

0.62 (0.45, 0.85)

0.29

  

No

0.81 (0.65, 1.00)

 

Diabetes

Yes

0.63 (0.43, 0.91)

0.56

  

No

0.77 (0.63, 0.94)

All-cause mortality

CKD

Yes

0.86 (0.75, 0.98)

0.26

 

No

0.91 (0.87, 0.96)

 

CHF

Yes

1.01 (0.91, 1.12)

0.06

  

No

0.92 (0.86, 0.97)

 

Diabetes

Yes

0.96 (0.86, 1.09)

0.34

  

No

0.93 (0.88, 0.99)

  1. ACEi: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: Angiotensin receptor blocker; RR: Relative risk; CI: Confidence interval; AKI-D: Acute kidney injury treated with dialysis; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; CHF: Congestive heart failure.
  2. Outcomes: (1) Primary outcome: AKI-D (within 14 days after surgery); (2) Secondary outcome: All-cause mortality (within 90 days after surgery).
  3. Relative risk was calculated for preoperative ACEi or ARB use compared to non-use.
  4. aCKD sub-group analyses: adjusted for age, sex, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic liver disease, anti-diabetic agents, beta-adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers, non-potassium sparing diuretics, statins, type of surgery (cardiac, vascular, thoracic, abdominal, retro-peritoneal), era of surgery (1995 to 1998, 1999 to 2001, 2002 to 2004, 2005 to 2007, 2008 to 2010).
  5. aCHF sub-group analyses: adjusted for age, sex, coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic liver disease, anti-diabetic agents, beta-adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers, non-potassium sparing diuretics, statins, type of surgery (cardiac, vascular, thoracic, abdominal, retro-peritoneal), era of surgery (1995 to 1998, 1999 to 2001, 2002 to 2004, 2005 to 2007, 2008 to 2010).
  6. aDiabetes sub-group analyses: adjusted for age, sex, coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic liver disease, beta-adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers, non-potassium sparing diuretics, statins, type of surgery (cardiac, vascular, thoracic, abdominal, retro-peritoneal), era of surgery (1995 to 1998, 1999 to 2001, 2002 to 2004, 2005 to 2007, 2008 to 2010).
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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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