Table 1 Prevalences of microalbuminuria in people with diabetes among Africans
Study | Type of diabetes | N | Age (years) | Duration (years) | urine sample | AER criteria | albumin assay | Prevalences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Erasmus, RT 1992 Nigeria | Type 2 | 113 | 51.1 yrs | 0.2–25 | 24 hr urine one sample | Micro = ≥30 mg/24 hr | Immunodiffusion | microalb 57% 52%-dur<5 yrs |
Rahlenbeck, SI 1997 Ethiopia | IDDM- | 71 | 32.6 ± 9.5 30.6 ± 8.9 | 6.0 ± 4.9 11.4 ± 6.7 | Spot morning (3 consecutive visits) | Urinary alb conc. micro = 30–299 mg/L macro = >300 mg/L | MICRAL | microalb-32% macrolb-15% |
NIDDM- | 99 | 55.4 ± 13 59.9 ± 8 | 5.3 ± 3.9 10.3 ± 5.5 | microalb-37% macroalb-20% | ||||
Sobngwi, E 1999 Cameroon | Type 1 Type 2 | 9 55 | 19–70 yrs | 1–23 yrs | Overnight urine | UAE rate micro = 30 mg/24 hr | MICRAL | microalb 53,1% |
Wanjohi, FW 2002 Kenya | Type 2 New | 100 | 53.7 ± 9.3 | 10.3 ± 7.5 (months) | Spot morning-one sample | Urinary alb conc. Cut of limits not defined | MICRAL | microalb-26% macroal b-1pt |
Current Study 2006 Tanzania | Type 1 Type 2 | 91 153 | 21 (4–44.8) 53 (24–85) | 3(0–17) 4(0–25) | Timed overnight 2 samples | AER | Immunoturbidimetry | T1micro-12.1% T1macro-1.1% T2micro-9.8% T2macro-7.2% |