Table 3 Comparison of baseline characteristics among ESA responders, acute hyporesponders, and chronic hyporesponders: categorical variables

Gender female

1633

52.9

3395

51.2

44,700

54.8

<0.0001

Race/ethnicity

<0.0001

 American Indian

25

0.8

68

1.0

1153

1.4

 Asian

94

3.1

237

3.6

3063

3.8

 Black

1339

43.4

2806

42.3

30,309

37.2

 Hispanic

342

11.1

961

14.5

15,162

18.6

 Pacific Islander

25

0.8

49

0.7

708

0.9

 Other

204

6.6

432

6.5

4222

5.2

 White

1057

34.3

2079

31.4

26,887

33.0

Primary cause renal disease

<0.0001

 Diabetes

1182

38.0

2769

41.8

35,969

44.1

 Hypertension

901

29.2

1981

29.9

24,936

30.6

Vascular access

<0.0001

 Fistula

1726

55.9

3732

56.3

53,200

65.3

 Catheter

671

21.7

1579

23.8

11,382

14.0

 Graft

685

22.2

1321

19.9

16,904

20.7

Other

4

0.1

0

0

17

0.02

 Diabetes

1558

50.5

3389

51.1

43,279

53.1

0.0001

 Hypertension

1114

36.1

2401

36.2

28,282

34.7

0.0174

 Cardiac arrest

3

0.1

7

0.1

82

0.1

0.9929

 Myocardial infarction

9

0.3

13

0.2

163

0.2

0.1776

 COPD

160

5.2

298

4.5

3097

3.8

<0.0001

 History of GI bleed

68

2.2

73

1.1

815

1.0

<0.0001

 Liver disease

71

2.3

126

1.9

1304

1.6

0.0009

 HIV/AIDS

28

0.9

53

0.8

326

0.4

<0.0001

 Hepatitis B

22

0.7

27

0.4

245

0.3

<0.0001

 Septicemia

241

7.8

484

7.3

4646

5.7

<0.0001

 Pneumonia

108

3.5

206

3.1

1875

2.3

<0.0001

 Anemia hemolytic/sickle cell

68

2.2

33

0.5

245

0.3

<0.0001

 Myelodysplastic syndrome

40

1.3

27

0.4

82

0.1

<0.0001

 Monoclonal gammopathy

22

0.7

33

0.5

326

0.4

0.0006