From: Proton pump inhibitors are associated with increased risk of development of chronic kidney disease
Not on PPI | On PPI | p_value | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Case(CKD) | Control | Total | Case(CKD) | Control | ||
53728 | 14600 | 39128 | 22734 | 4711 | 18023 | ||
Vascular disease (n) | 9948 | 3703 | 6245 | 3525 | 1046 | 2479 | <0.0001 |
18.52 % | 25.36 % | 15.96 % | 15.51 % | 22.20 % | 13.75 % | ||
COPD (n) | 4792 | 1541 | 3251 | 2239 | 569 | 1670 | <0.0001 |
8.92 % | 10.55 % | 8.31 % | 9.85 % | 12.08 % | 9.27 % | ||
Cancer (n) | 5540 | 1689 | 3851 | 1648 | 443 | 1205 | <0.0001 |
10.31 % | 11.57 % | 9.84 % | 7.25 % | 9.40 % | 6.69 % | ||
Diabetes (n) | 11410 | 4515 | 6895 | 3976 | 1206 | 2770 | <0.0001 |
21.24 % | 30.92 % | 17.62 % | 17.49 % | 25.60 % | 15.37 % | ||
Hypertension (n) | 33496 | 12024 | 21472 | 14202 | 3734 | 10468 | <0.0001 |
62.34 % | 82.36 % | 54.88 % | 62.47 % | 79.26 % | 58.08 % | ||
GI (n) | 7494 | 1913 | 5581 | 12832 | 2324 | 10508 | <0.0001 |
13.95 | 13.1 | 14.26 | 56.44 | 49.33 | 58.3 | ||
Black (n) | 5404 | 1067 | 4337 | 2315 | 357 | 1958 | 0.5994 |
10.06 % | 7.31 % | 11.08 % | 10.18 % | 7.58 % | 10.86 % | ||
Female (n) | 3340 | 534 | 2806 | 1342 | 214 | 1128 | 0.099 |
6.22 % | 3.66 % | 7.17 % | 5.90 % | 4.54 % | 6.25 % | ||
Age in years (mean) | 56.94 | 66.9 | 53.2 | 56.3 | 63.88 | 54.32 | <0.0001 |
(STD) | 15.38 | 11 | 15.2 | 13.17 | 10.9 | 13 | |
Time at risk (quarters) (mean) | 10.37 | 6.55 | 11.8 | 14.1 | 10.83 | 14.95 | <0.0001 |
(STD) | 7.66 | 5.9 | 7.74 | 7.1 | 6.17 | 7.08 |