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Table 2 Risk factors for community- and hospital-acquired AKI in elderly patients

From: Epidemiology and outcomes of acute kidney injury in elderly chinese patients: a subgroup analysis from the EACH study

 

HA-AKI

CA-AKI

Risk factors

Frequency (%)

OR (95%CI)a

PAF

Frequency (%)

OR (95%CI)a

PAF

Age

 65-69 years

 

Reference

  

Reference

 

 70-74 years

 

0.99 (0.9 to 1.09)

  

1.17 (1.01 to 1.37)

 

 75-79 years

 

1.13 (1.02 to 1.24)

  

1.25 (1.07 to 1.47)

 

 >80 year

 

1.1 (0.99 to 1.21)

  

1.68 (1.44 to 1.95)

 

Sex

 Male

 

1.19 (1.1 to 1.29)

  

1.06 (0.94 to 1.2)

 

Comorbidity

 CKD

15.5

4.62 (4 to 5.33)

24.8

16.4

4.85 (3.93 to 6)

26.5

 Heart failure

15.3

1.56 (1.42 to 1.72)

8.8

15.7

1.2 (1.03 to 1.4)

2.8

 CAD

26.1

1.28 (1.18 to 1.39)

6.4

26.5

0.86 (0.76 to 0.98)

 

 Shock

1.3

2.05 (1.77 to 2.37)

3.7

1.6

4.57 (3.64 to 5.74)

6

 Acute myocardial infarction

3.1

1.72 (1.48 to 2.01)

2.7

3.2

1.46 (1.11 to 1.92)

1.4

 Stroke

13.5

1.17 (1.06 to 1.28)

2.6

13.3

1 (0.86 to 1.17)

 

 Pneumonia

14

1.08 (0.99 to 1.18)

1.8

14.4

1.8 (1.58 to 2.05)

11.1

 Gastrointestinal bleeding

2.2

1.33 (1.12 to 1.57)

1

2.3

1.59 (1.22 to 2.07)

1.5

 Liver disease

2.3

1.37 (1.11 to 1.68)

0.7

2.3

1.2 (0.86 to 1.67)

0.4

 Sepsis

0.6

1.25 (1 to 1.57)

0.5

0.8

2.55 (1.8 to 3.6)

1.6

 Trauma

1

1.45 (1.12 to 1.87)

0.5

1

0.85 (0.51 to 1.41)

-

 Diabetes

18.6

1.02 (0.93 to 1.11)

0.3

18.9

1.11 (0.96 to 1.27)

1.8

 Hematologic malignancy

2.2

1.14 (0.91 to 1.42)

0.3

2.3

1.44 (1.06 to 1.97)

0.8

 Urinary tract obstruction

1.3

1.14 (0.86 to 1.51)

0.2

1.5

4.39 (3.41 to 5.66)

3.9

 Burn

0

0.61 (0.09 to 4.34)

 

0

6.3 (1.37 to 28.99)

0.1

 Rheumatic disease

1.5

1.01 (0.78 to 1.31)

 

1.5

1.15 (0.78 to 1.69)

0.2

 Renal disease

2.1

0.93 (0.74 to 1.16)

 

2.3

1.88 (1.46 to 2.42)

2.2

 tuberculosis

0.5

0.56 (0.29 to 1.09)

 

0.5

0.73 (0.29 to 1.8)

 

 COPD

6

0.95 (0.82 to 1.09)

 

6.1

1.09 (0.89 to 1.33)

 

 Solid cancer

25.8

0.92 (0.85 to 1)

 

24.8

0.61 (0.52 to 0.71)

 

 Hypertension

39.1

0.93 (0.86 to 1.01)

 

39.3

0.94 (0.85 to 1.04)

 

Clinical setting for HA-AKI

 Intensive care

11.3

2.42 (2.22 to 2.63)

19.4

   

 Non-cardiac operation

45.1

1.17 (1.08 to 1.28)

6.8

   

 Cardiac operation

1.3

2.19 (1.84 to 2.6)

3.8

   

 Intervention operation

16.6

1.29 (1.17 to 1.43)

3.8

   
  1. HA-AKI hospital-acquired AKI, CA-AKI community-acquired AKI, OR odds ratio, 95 % CI 95 % confidence interval, PAF population attributable fraction, CAD coronary artery disease; Intensive care: Stay in ICU (intensive care unit) during hospitalization
  2. aAdjusted for age, sex, comorbidities and clinical procedures