Variables | HVs (n = 50) | DM (n = 55) | DN (n = 68) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 51.92 ± 12.94 | 55.56 ± 10.59 | 53.88 ± 12.50 | 0.305 |
Gender, male (%) | 29 (58.00) | 30 (54.55) | 41 (60.29) | 0.813 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.86 ± 3.44 | 25.64 ± 4.23 | 25.92 ± 4.68 | 0.302 |
Smoking (%) | 33 (66.00) | 29 (52.73) | 38 (55.89) | 0.357 |
Alcohol (%) | 28 (56.00) | 33 (60.00) | 38 (55.89) | 0.881 |
Hypertension | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 SBP (mmHg) | 121.08 ± 20.74 | 126.80 ± 12.42 | 121.38 ± 16.65 | 0.132 |
 DBP (mmHg) | 75.49 ± 7.74 | 77.48 ± 7.62 | 78.81 ± 7.20 | 0.062 |
Lipid profiles | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 TC (mg/dL) | 180.81 ± 21.76 | 170.31 ± 46.25 | 181.96 ± 49.74 | 0.271 |
 LDL cheolesterol (mg/dL) | 109.72 ± 27.59 | 110.37 ± 18.47 | 112.51 ± 16.41 | 0.838 |
 HDL cheolesterol (mg/dL) | 50.92 ± 8.26 | 48.76 ± 8.45 | 48.90 ± 8.14 | 0.323 |
Glucose metabolism | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 FBG (mmol/L) | 5.21 ± 1.41 | 8.76 ± 0.81 | 6.70 ± 0.77 | < 0.001 |
 HbA1c (%) | 5.76 ± 0.87 | 9.95 ± 2.34 | 9.67 ± 2.28 | < 0.001 |
Laboratory values | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.30 ± 3.49 | 13.94 ± 1.62 | 13.97 ± 1.91 | 0.489 |
 BUN (mg/dL) | 11.34 ± 2.67 | 15.08 ± 3.84 | 17.76 ± 6.88 | < 0.001 |
 Creatinine (mg/dL) | 62.75 ± 3.67 | 62.87 ± 4.07 | 378.13 ± 60.67 | < 0.001 |
 eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 85.85 ± 13.45 | 86.09 ± 14.14 | 56.19 ± 16.04 | < 0.001 |
 Albuminuria (mg/24 h) | 2.70 ± 0.74 | 7.45 ± 2.42 | 580.88 ± 333.04 | < 0.001 |
 hs-CRP (g/L) | 0.58 ± 0.15 | 5.17 ± 1.69 | 130.58 ± 55.38 | < 0.001 |