Timing, causes, predictors and prognosis of switching from peritoneal dialysis to hemodialysis: a prospective study

Table 1 Patient characteristics by peritoneal dialysis switching status

Characteristic	N	Non-switchers	Switchers	P
Total	262	197 (75.2%)	65 (24.8%)	--
Demographic
Mean age at enrollment, years	262	54.7 ± 15.4	52.0 ± 13.0	0.202
Sex (% female)	262	42.1	47.7	0.433
Race (% white)	262	83.8	72.3	0.042
Education (% high school graduate)	225	84.2	75.4	0.131
Employment (% working)	262	28.4	20.0	0.181
Marital Status (% married)	238	68.9	62.3	0.341
Distance from clinic (% >30 miles)	216	28.3	28.1	0.973
Clinical
Smoking status (% ever smoker)	227	61.5	60.7	0.914
Modality at start, from 2728 (% HD)	256	7.8	9.4	0.693
ICED score (%)	262			0.848
≤ 1		50.3	46.2
2		25.4	27.7
3		24.4	26.2
Diabetes (% diabetic)	262	49.2	58.5	0.197
History of CVD (% positive)	262	52.3	41.5	0.133
History of CHD (% positive)	262	41.1	32.3	0.207
History of CHF (% positive)	262	40.6	29.2	0.101
Primary cause of renal failure (%)	259			0.341
Diabetes mellitus		44.8	53.9
Hypertension		10.8	6.2
Glomerulonephritis		44.3	40.0
Late referral (% <4 months)	198	21.7	16.4	0.404
BMI, kg/m²	245	25.9 ± 5.6	28.2 ± 6.0	0.006
Residual urine output (%)	186			0.018
Not at baseline or follow-up at 1 year		14.6	19.6
At baseline but not at follow-up at 1 year		17.7	33.9
At baseline and at follow-up at 1 year		67.7	46.4
Laboratory
Mean baseline albumin, g/dl	248	3.57 ± 0.44	3.64 ± 0.38	0.316
Mean baseline hemoglobin, g/dl	246	11.3 ± 1.5	11.3 ± 1.5	0.766
Median CRP (IQR), μg/dl	162	2.6 (1.1–6.2)	3.5 (1.6–5.7)	0.638
Baseline creatinine, g/dl	252	7.08 ± 2.66	7.94 ± 2.63	0.029
Baseline cholesterol, mg/dl	220	207 ± 53	210 ± 57	0.746
Baseline GFR, cc/minute/1.73 m²	254	10.5 ± 0.26	10.3 ± 0.45	0.721

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