Table 3 Main findings at FDG-PET

1

High pathological FDG uptake in two liver cysts in the IV segment

Several mainly hypodense liver cysts, Right kidney is enlarged with multiple, hypo and hyperdense cysts. Stable at follow up studies

7.6

Combined therapy: amikacine and ceftriaxone for one month; ceftriaxone for 2 months

No relapse; kidney graft

2 (6 weeks)

Significant reduction in extension of pathological FDG uptake; non significant reduction in SUV

No substantial change

7.0

1

High pathological FDG uptake in the large exophytic cyst of the left kidney, no uptake in the lower polar cyst

Along the posterior margin of the middle left kidney, hyperdense renal cyst with contiguous thickening of the perirenal fat and dense pericystic band. Other cysts with thickened walls in lower pole.

13.3

Combined therapy: amikacine and ceftriaxone for 2 weeks, ceftriaxone for 1 month

Died from acute myocardial infarction 1 year later

1

High pathological FDG uptake in a cyst in the left kidney

both kidneys are slightly enlarged. Multiple hypo and hyperdense cysts at both sides. Subtle bands in the perirenal right fat

3.8

Combined therapy: amikacine and ceftriaxone for 1 week, ceftriaxone for 6 weeks

No relapse, normal kidney function

2 (5 weeks)

Significant decrease of pathological FDG uptake

The right perirenal bands are attenuated

3.2

3 (4 weeks)

No pathological FDG uptake

Unchanged

-

1

High pathological FDG uptake in left polycystic kidney

Both kidneys are enlarged with multiple, mainly hypodense cysts, In the middle of the right a non-homogeneous cyst, with ill defined margins, with thickened perirenal fat tissue

16.0

Ceftriaxone for 1 month

No relapse, stable kidney function

1

Pathological FDG uptake in left kidney cysts

Multiple liver cysts, hyper and hypodense. Both kidneys are enlarged with multiple, hypo and hyperdense cysts.

2

Ceftriaxone for 3 weeks, followed by oral amoxicillin-clavulanate for 1 month; therapy stopped at the time of the 3^rd PET (minimal uptake)

No relapse, stable kidney function

2 (3 weeks)

Reduction of pathological FDG uptake

Unchanged

1.8

3 (4 weeks)

Further reduction of pathological FDG uptake

Unchanged

1.6

4 (4 weeks)

No pathological FDG uptake

Unchanged

-

1

High pathological FDG uptake in the large (9 cm) kidney cyst

Two large kidney cysts, the largest one with non homogeneous fluid and thickened walls. Thickened perirenal fat tissue.

7.5

Amikacine for 2 weeks, initially with ertapenem, and later with ceftriaxone (leukopenia and anemia) overall 9 weeks of i.v. therapy

No relapse, improved kidney function

2 (3 weeks)

Initial reduction of FDG uptake

Unchanged

7

3 (5 weeks)

Almost complete resolution of the FDG uptake

Unchanged cystic appearance; resolution of the pericystic infiltrate

3

1

No pathological FDG uptake

Few complicated cysts in both kidneys

-

No antibiotic therapy

Well, no infectious complication

1

No pathological FDG uptake

In the upper pole of right kidney a hypodense cyst with ill defined margins, near to a thickened Gerota fascia

-

Before referral: amikacine, chinolones, cefalosporins. After referral: 3 weeks of cefalosporins followed by oral amoxicillin clavulanate

Well, one episode of lower UTI after discontinuation of therapy

1

No pathological FDG uptake in left kidney cysts

Acquired cystic disease with several hypo and hyperdense cysts

-

No therapy

Scheduled for biopsy of the main "complicated" cysts

1

No pathological FDG uptake in bilateral polycystic kidneys. Collaterally detected high pathological FDG uptake in peripancreatic lymph node

Large polycystic kidneys with multiple hyper and hypodense cysts present in both kidneys. Large peripancreatic lymph-node (3 cm) stable as compared to a previous CT scan

-

Cephaoloporines for urinary tract infection ("cysto-pyelitis"), for 3 weeks; agobiopsy: mesenchymal neoplasia with low prolipheration index

On further oncologic diagnostic work-up