Effect of hyperinsulinemia during hemodialysis on the insulin-like growth factor system and inflammatory biomarkers: a randomized open-label crossover study

Table 2 Removal fraction of insulin and insulin aspart

Time point	Study day	A-site	V-site*	RF**
		(pmol/L)	(pmol/L)	(%)
0 min	NT [insulin]	184 ± 91	57 ± 37	75 (58; 85)
	G [insulin]	371 ± 274	119 ± 100	70 (63; 76)
	GI [insulin]	253 ± 212	85 ± 91	72 (62; 79)
	GI [insulin aspart]	481 ± 227	155 ± 56	67 (56; 75)
120 min	NT [insulin]	87 ± 63	40 ± 30	55 (50; 59)
	G [insulin]	294 ± 237	146 ± 133	53 (49; 56)
	GI [insulin]	194 ± 163	94 ± 89	55 (49; 59)
	GI [insulin aspart]	462 ± 181	225 ± 75	50 (45; 56)
240 min	NT [insulin]	30 ± 20	17 ± 14	52 (32; 67)
	G [insulin]	162 ± 115	90 ± 70	47 (44; 51)
	GI [insulin]	74 ± 41	39 ± 22	48 (38; 56)
	GI [insulin aspart]	464 ± 159	250 ± 114	48 (39; 55)

Abbreviations: NT, no treatment; G, glucose infusion; GI, glucose-insulin infusion; A-site, arterial site; V-site, venous site of the dialyser; RF, removal fraction.
*P < 0.001 for comparison of insulin and insulin aspart concentrations between the A- and V-site at each time point and study day.
**The RF of insulin did not differ between study days and were similar for insulin and insulin aspart. From 0 to 120 min the RF declined for both insulin (p < 0.001, overall) and insulin aspart (p = 0.006), whereas the changes in the RF from 120 to 240 min did not reach statistical significance. Data are expressed as mean ± SD for insulin concentrations and mean (95% confidence interval) for RF.

ISSN: 1471-2369