Controls | CKD | CKD stage 3 | CKD stages 4-5 | CKD stage 5D | p value | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n =559 | n =2445 | n =937 | n =820 | n =688 | CKD vs controls | Between CKD groups | |
Anthropometrical data | |||||||
SBP (mmHg) | 133.2 ± 17.7 | 142.9 ± 22.0 | 142.9 ± 20.2 | 146.7 ± 22.1 | 138.4 ± 23.4 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 80.0 ± 9.7 | 81.3 ± 11.9 | 81.6 ± 10.2 | 82.2 ± 11.4 | 80.0 ± 14.2 | 0.010 | 0.005 |
Pulse pressure (mmHg) | 53.2 ± 13.0 | 61.6 ± 18.3 | 61.3 ± 16.9 | 64.5 ± 19.4 | 58.4 ± 18.3 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
BMI (Kg/m2) | 28.1 ± 4.5 | 28.3 ± 5.2 | 29.2 ± 4.9 | 28.8 ± 5.5 | 26.5 ± 4.9 | NS | <0.001 |
Abdominal obesity (%)* | 47.8 | 49.6 | 58.9 | 49.3 | 34.4a | NS | <0.001 |
Pharmacological treatments | |||||||
Antihypertensive (%) | 34.5 | 88.1 | 91.8 | 95.6 | 74.3 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Hypolipidemic (%) | 27.4 | 64.4 | 67.6 | 70.7 | 52.5 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Antidiabetic (%) | 9.5 | 21.9 | 23.5 | 25.2 | 15.8 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Antiaggregation (%) | 5.9 | 24.8 | 23.6 | 23.8 | 27.6 | <0.001 | NS |
Anticoagulation (%) | 0.5 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.2 | <0.001 | NS |
Vitamin D (%) | N/A | 38.7 | 18.0 | 50.4 | 53.1 | N/A | <0.001 |
Of which active (%) | N/A | 32.1 | 12.0 | 42.8 | 46.9 | N/A | <0.001 |
Of wich native (%) | N/A | 10.2 | 7.0 | 13.6 | 10.6 | N/A | <0.001 |
Phosphate binders (%) | N/A | 35.7 | 5.7 | 31.1 | 82.0 | N/A | <0.001 |
Non-calcium based (%) | N/A | 22.2 | 1.0 | 14.7 | 60.1 | N/A | <0.001 |
Calcium based (%) | N/A | 21.1 | 4.9 | 20.4 | 43.8 | N/A | <0.001 |
ESA (%) | N/A | 35.6 | 5.7 | 32.2 | 80.4 | N/A | <0.001 |
Intravenous iron (%) | N/A | 18.7 | 1.7 | 8.2 | 54.5 | N/A | <0.001 |