Table 1 Subject characteristics
Number of subjects | 27 |
|---|---|
Age (yr, ± S.D.) | 53.2 ± 13.4 |
Gender (male) | 21 |
Comorbidities | |
Hypertension (%) | 21 (78) |
Diabetes type 2 (%) | 11 (41) |
Congestive Heart Failure (%) | 6 (22) |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (%) | 4 (15) |
Peripheral Arterial Disease (%) | 0 (0) |
Coronary Artery Disease (%) | 14 (52) |
Cirrhosis (%) | 1 (4) |
Medications | |
Calcium Channel Blockers (%) | 16 (59) |
β-Blocker (%) | 20 (74) |
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (%) | 9 (33) |
Angiotensin receptor blocker (%) | 2 (7) |
Nitrate (%) | 2 (7) |
Thiazide Diuretic (%) | 1 (4) |
Loop Diuretic (%) | 6 (22) |
Clonidine (%) | 2 (7) |
Hydralazine (%) | 4 (15) |
Active smokers (%) | 3 (11) |
Years of hemodialysis (median) | 1.5 |
Access site for hemodialysis | |
Catheter (Subclavian) (%) | 5 (19) |
Catheter (Internal Jugular) (%) | 1 (4) |
Arterio-venous fistula | |
Right Upper Extremity (%) | 10 (37) |
Left Upper Extremity (%) | 11 (41) |
Able to make any urine (%) | 21 (78) |