Table 2 Clinical characteristics at baseline and at 13 years of follow up of the female participants with and without increase in serum uric acid. The 4^th (1994/95) and the 6^th (2007/08) Tromsø study (n = 1367)

Age

57 ± 10

58 ± 9

0.17

70 ± 10

70 ± 9

0.17

SUA (μmol/L)

280 ± 67

253 ± 57

<0.001

264 ± 56

332 ± 74

<0.001

Estimated GFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)

95 ± 13

94 ± 14

0.35

85 ± 13

79 ± 18

<0.001

Annual change in estimated GFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)

-

-

−0.76 ± 0.72

−1.2 ± 0.99

<0.001

ACR (mg/mmol)

0.54 (0.38, 0.82)

0.56 (0.39,0.86)

0.42

0.48 (0.27, 0.87)

0.56 (0.29, 1.16)

0.01

Mean systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

138 ± 21

142 ± 23

0.002

148 ± 27

148 ± 25

1.0

Hypertension, n (%)

378 (45)

270 (51)

0.04

596 (71)

414 (77)

0.06

Body mass index (kg/m²)

25.5 ± 3.8

25.8 ± 4.1

0.09

26.3 ± 4.26

27.8 ± 4.8

<0.001

Cholesterol (mmol/L)

6.73 ± 1.34

6.68 ± 1.27

0.6

5.88 ± 1.07

5.95 ± 1.17

0.20

Current smokers, n (%)

216 (26)

147 (28)

0.45

142 (18)

65 (13)

0.02

Physical activity,n (%)

179 (21)

99 (17)

0.04

192 (23)

107 (20)

0.5

Antihypertensives incl. diuretics, n (%)

70 (8)

57 (11)

0.14

70 (8)

57 (10)

0.14

Diuretics, n (%)

6 (0.7)

7 (1.3)

0.3

44 (6)

96 (19)

<0.001

Diabetes, n (%)

14 (1.5)

15 (2.6)

0.15

75 (9)

60 (11)

0.2

Previous myocardial infarction and/or stroke, n (%)

25 (3)

6 (1)

0.002

-

-

-

Started antihypertensive treatment during the observation time, n (%)

-

-

-

230 (28)

212 (46)

<0.001

Stopped smoking during the observation time, n (%)

-

-

-

85 (10)

86 (16)

0.001

Became physically active during the observation time, n (%)

-

-

-

126 (15)

71 (13)

0.4