Table 2 Baseline characteristics and recorded diagnoses of older individuals initiating dialysis, by presence of sleep disordered breathing
| Â | All | SDB- | SDB+ |
|---|---|---|---|
|  | N = 184,217 | N = 169,096 | N = 15,121 |
Patient demographics | |||
 Patient age | 77 (72–82) | 77 (72–82) | 74 (70–79) |
 Female | 46.8 | 47.6 | 37.7 |
 Race |  |  |  |
  White | 77.6 | 77.2 | 82.3 |
  Black | 18.6 | 18.8 | 16.0 |
  Other | 3.8 | 3.9 | 1.7 |
 Hispanic ethnicity | 7.4 | 7.6 | 5.6 |
 Dual Medicare-Medicaid Eligibility | 22.0 | 22.3 | 18.5 |
Cause of end-stage renal disease | |||
 Diabetes | 39.4 | 38.3 | 51.6 |
 Hypertension | 36.8 | 37.4 | 29.0 |
 Glomerulonephritis | 5.4 | 5.4 | 4.4 |
 Other | 17.6 | 17.9 | 14.4 |
 Missing | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.6 |
Dialysis modality | |||
 Hemodialysis | 94.9 | 94.9 | 95.1 |
 Peritoneal Dialysis | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 |
 Missing | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
Skilled Nursing Facility Utilization | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.4 |
Hospital days (N) | 5 (0–17) | 5 (0–16) | 6 (0–21) |
Non-nephrology clinic visits (N) | 19 (4–35) | 18 (4–34) | 28 (3–49) |
Body Mass Index (BMI) (kg/m2) | 26.0 (22.7–30.5) | 25.7 (22.5–29.9) | 31.4 (26.7–37.0) |
 BMI % missing data | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.8 |
Comorbidities | |||
 Obesity | 9.5 | 7.4 | 32.5 |
 Diabetes | 62.4 | 60.9 | 78.4 |
 Dyslipidemia | 67.6 | 66.6 | 79.1 |
 Systemic hypertension | 96.9 | 96.7 | 99.1 |
 Pulmonary hypertension | 10.4 | 9.2 | 23.8 |
 Heart failure | 67.7 | 66.4 | 82.8 |
 Valvular disease | 39.0 | 38.3 | 47.2 |
 Myocardial infarction | 15.9 | 15.8 | 17.2 |
 Unstable angina | 20.7 | 20.3 | 25.3 |
 Coronary artery bypass graft | 7.7 | 7.5 | 9.9 |
 Percutaneous coronary intervention | 5.4 | 5.3 | 7.0 |
 Peripheral vascular disease | 38.3 | 37.9 | 42.6 |
 Cerebrovascular disease | 26.4 | 25.2 | 28.8 |
 Ischemic stroke | 16.8 | 16.7 | 18.0 |
 Transient ischemic attack | 7.8 | 7.7 | 8.8 |
 Central nervous system bleed | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.8 |
 Atrial fibrillation | 32.1 | 31.2 | 42.8 |
 Ventricular fibrillation | 8.5 | 8.1 | 13.2 |
 Other cardiac arrhythmias | 21.7 | 21.2 | 27.3 |
 Pacemaker | 4.6 | 4.5 | 6.4 |
 Implantable cardiac defibrillator | 2.4 | 2.2 | 4.2 |
 Hypothyroidism | 22.0 | 21.6 | 26.3 |
 Hyperparathyroidism | 5.5 | 5.5 | 6.2 |
 Cancer | 21.6 | 21.7 | 20.9 |
 Liver disease | 7.5 | 7.4 | 8.3 |
 Lung disease | 42.4 | 40.4 | 64.8 |
 Rheumatologic disease | 5.7 | 5.6 | 6.9 |
 Gastrointestinal Bleed | 21.5 | 21.2 | 24.5 |
 Peptic ulcer disease | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.2 |
 Human Immunodeficiency Virus | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
 Paralysis | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 |
 Depression | 12.9 | 12.5 | 17.9 |
 Dementia | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.2 |
 Psychosis | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.7 |
 Alcohol abuse | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.4 |
 Tobacco abuse | 5.9 | 6.0 | 5.0 |
 Drug abuse | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.7 |
 Acidosis | 22.8 | 23.0 | 20.8 |
 Alkalosis | 1.8 | 1.7 | 3.9 |
 Mixed acid–base disorder | 1.4 | 1.3 | 2.5 |
 Hyponatremia | 14.1 | 13.9 | 16.1 |
 Hypernatremia | 3.6 | 3.5 | 4.5 |
 Hypokalemia | 14.0 | 13.6 | 18.2 |
 Hyperkalemia | 31.9 | 31.7 | 34.1 |
 Hypocalcemia | 3.3 | 3.4 | 2.5 |
 Hypercalcemia | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.1 |
 Disorders of phosphorus metabolism | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.9 |
 Disorders of magnesium metabolism | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.7 |
Laboratory measurements | |||
 Albumin, g/dL | 3.2 (2.7–3.6) | 3.2 (2.7–3.6) | 3.2 (2.8–3.6) |
 Albumin % missing data | 24.4 | 24.3 | 25.8 |
 Hemoglobin, g/dL | 10.2 (9.2–11.2) | 10.2 (9.2–11.2) | 10.2 (9.3–11.3) |
 Hemoglobin % missing data | 8.8 | 8.8 | 9.4 |
 Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), mL/min/1.73 m2 | 10.7 (8.0–14.2) | 10.6 (7.9–14.1) | 12.0 (9.1–15.9) |
 eGFR % missing data | 2.7 | 2.6 | 3.7 |