Fig. 7

G-CSF treatment decreased levels of proinflammatory chemokine and cytokines in the serum and kidneys. Expression levels of proinflammatory chemokine (MCP-1), proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α), Th1 cytokines (IL-2, INF-γ), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-10), and Th17 cytokines (IL-17A) were measured in serum (a) and renal tissues (b). G-CSF treatment significantly decreased serum levels of MCP-1, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-17. In renal tissues, G-CSF treatment significantly decreased levels of MCP-1, IL-6, IL-2, and IL-10. The data are expressed as the mean ± standard error of the mean, with n = 4 − 7 mice per group. White and black bars indicate the G-CSF group and the PBS group, respectively. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 for comparisons between the G-CSF and the PBS groups using t-test. G-CSF: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; IFN: interferon; IL: interleukin; MCP-1: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; Th: helper T cells; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; Tregs: regulatory T cells