Table 1 Baseline characteristics
Variable | HIV-Negative (n = 70) | HIV-Positive (n = 70) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (mean ± SD) | 39.1 ± 11.7 | 37.0 ± 9.4 | 0.247a |
Weight, kg (mean ± SD) | 68.9 ± 12.6 | 66.1 ± 13.7 | 0.213a |
Body mass index (mean ± SD) | 25.1 ± 4.7 | 24.5 ± 5.4 | 0.436a |
Waist circumference, cm (mean ± SD) | 90.5 ± 10.9 | 90.0 ± 11.5 | 0.822a |
Sex | |||
Female, n (%) | 30 (42.9) | 37 (52.9) | 0.236b |
Ethnicity | |||
African, n (%) | 59 (84.3) | 70 (100.0) | 0.001c |
Indian, n (%) | 9 (12.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
Mixed ethnicity, n (%) | 2 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
Hypertension, n (%) | 63 (90.0) | 52 (74.3) | 0.015b |
Diabetes, n (%) | 4 (5.7) | 7 (10.0) | 0.532c |
SLE, n (%) | 4 (5.7) | 1 (1.4) | 0.366 c |
Hepatitis B, n (%) | 7 (10.0) | 8 (12.1) | 0.737b |
Primary residence | |||
City, n (%) | 14 (20.0) | 6 (8.6) | 0.113b |
Townshipe, n (%) | 30 (42.8) | 39 (55.7) | |
Rural, n (%) | 23 (32.9) | 24 (34.3) | |
Education level | |||
Primary school, n (%) | 15 (21.4) | 13 (18.6) | 0.710b |
High school, n (%) | 32 (45.7) | 31 (44.3) | |
Post-grade 12, n (%) | 20 (28.6) | 25 (35.7) | |
Employment history | |||
Unemployed, n (%) | 50 (71.4) | 53 (75.7) | 0.766b |
Employed, n (%) | 17 (24.3) | 16 (22.9) | |
Smoking (currently) | 4 (5.71) | 7 (10.0) | 0.532c |
Tenckhoff catheter insertion method | |||
Laparoscopic, n (%) | 66 (94.3) | 35 (50.0) | <0.001c |
Percutaneous, n (%) | 4 (5.71) | 35 (50.0) | |
Hemoglobin, g/dL (mean ± SD) | 9.60 ± 2.01 | 8.96 ± 1.61 | 0.041a |
Albumin, g/L (mean ± SD) | 35.3 ± 6.7 | 31.0 ± 6.6 | <0.001a |
eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2(mean ± SD) | 7.0 ± 3.6 | 7.1 ± 4.6 | 0.935a |
Creatinine (μmol/l), median (IQR) | 736.5 (542–974) | 718 (598–888) | 0.917d |
CRP (mg/L), median (IQR) | 19 (6–35) | 56.5 (21–108) | <0.001d |
ESR (mm/hr), median (IQR) | 49 (29–66) | 88 (50–129) | <0.001d |
Ferritin (μg/L), median (IQR) | 642 (370–1049) | 593 (381–973) | 0.858d |
CD4 count | |||
mean (cells/μL ± SD) | 380.7 ± 235.4 | ||
CD4 < 200 cells/μL, n (%) | 14.0 (20.0) | ||
CD4 200–350 cells/μL, n (%) | 20.0 (28.6) | ||
CD4 350–500 cells/μL, n (%) | 21.0 (30.0) | ||
CD4 ≥ 500 cells/μL, n (%) | 15.0 (21.4) | ||
Viral load | |||
Median, copies/mL (IQR) | 4230 (903–91143) | ||
< 150 copies/mL, n (%) | 40 (57.1) | ||
150–1000 copies/mL, n (%) | 8 (11.4) | ||
> 1000 copies/mL, n (%) | 22 (31.4) | ||
HAART history at enrollment | |||
< 6 months, n (%) | 36 (51.4) | ||
6–12 months, n (%) | 9 (12.9) | ||
> 1 year, n (%) | 25 (35.7) | ||
HAART drug regimens | |||
3TC/EFV/ABC, n (%) | 59 (84.3) | ||
3TC/EFV/AZT, n (%) | 2 (2.9) | ||
3TC/EFV/D4T, n (%) | 3 (4.3) | ||
3TC/NVP/ABC, n (%) | 3 (4.3) | ||
3TC/Alluvia/ABC, n (%) | 1 (1.43) | ||
3TC/Aluvia/AZT, n (%) | 1 (1.43) | ||