Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) increases during renal fibrogenesis and its inhibition potentiates TGF-β 1-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition

Table 1 Characterization of EMT in the UUO model

		SHAM	CL	UUO
Renal fibrosis	Interstitial area (%)	0.3 ± 0.1	0.9 ± 0.1	13.4 ± 2.6^‡
Macrophages	Interstitial area (cells/field)	6.2 ± 0.8	16.0 ± 2.7	75.2 ± 12.6^‡
E-cadherin	Tubular % positive tubules	20.8 ± 5.4	21.1 ± 11.6	02.7 ± 1.1
αSMA	Tubular % positive cells	27.2 ± 6.5	35.8 ± 0.90	61.4 ± 4.2^†
αSMA	Interstitial positive cells/field	17.7 ± 7.1	74.5 ± 23.5	368.8 ± 45.8^‡
Vimentin	Tubular % positive cells	02.0 ± 0.5	02.5 ± 0.50	033.8 ± 2.7^‡
Vimentin	Interstitial positive cells/field	13.0 ± 0.9	17.0 ± 1.20	141.3 ± 8.8^‡
TGF-β 1	Relative expression	1.0 ± 2.2	6.8 ± 0.3	14.7 ± 0.1^‡

UUO kidneys presented increase of interstitial fibrosis, macrophage infiltrating, markers of mesenchymal cells, and TGF-β1 expression. Renal fibrosis was evaluated by Masson’s trichrome-stained interstitial area. Interstitial macrophages were identified by immunohistochemistry. EMT markers were also analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Real-time PCR was used to analyze TGF-β1 expression in the renal tissue. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. ^† p < 0.001 versus SHAM and CL; ^‡ p < 0.0001 versus SHAM and CL

ISSN: 1471-2369