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Table 2 Baseline characteristics derived from longitudinal study populations

From: Albuminuria, serum creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate as predictors of cardio-renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and kidney disease: a systematic literature review

Characteristic

Studies reporting characteristic, N (%)

Category

n (%) or range

Study type

42 (100%)

Prospective

Retrospective

Predictive model

Registry

27 (64.3%)

10 (23.8%)

3 (7.1%)

2 (4.8%)

Age (years)

42 (100%)

–

29–100

Race/ethnicitya

30 (71.4%)

Caucasian

Black

Asian

Other

13 (43.3%)

10 (33.3%)

11 (36.7%)

11 (36.7%)

CKD stage determination

42 (100%)

CKD stage reported

CKD stage inferred

CKD undetermined

2 (4.8%)

36 (85.7%)

4 (9.5%)

BMI (kg/m2)

40 (95.2%)

–

16.5–44.9

Diabetes duration (years)

35 (83.3%)

–

1–40

HbA1c (%)

39 (92.9%)

–

5.4–11.9%

Systolic BP (mm Hg)

41 (97.6%)

–

100–182

Diastolic BP (mm Hg)

37 (88.1%)

–

53–130

eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2)

38 (90.5%)

–

10–228

eGFR assessment methodb

37 (88.1%)

MDRD

CKD-EPI

JSN

Cockcroft-Gault

51 Cr-EDTA

Iohexal clearance

Iothalamide clearance

16 (43.2%)

10 (27.0%)

6 (16.2%)

3 (8.1%)

2 (5.4%)

1 (2.7%)

1 (2.7%)

ACR (mg/gCR)

22 (52.4%)

–

0.5–8603

sUA (mg/dL)

3 (7.1%)

–

4.9–7.4

  1. CKD chronic kidney disease, BMI body mass index, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, BP blood pressure, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, MDRD modification of diet in renal disease, CKD-EPI chronic kidney disease epidemiology, JSN Japanese society of nephrology, ACR albuminuria-to-creatinine ratio, sUA serum uric acid
  2. aMore than one type of race/ethnicity was reported in multiple studies
  3. bMore than one assessment method was obtained in two studies