Table 1 Characteristics [median (quartile 1- quartile3) or n (%)] of the study population at inclusion, by sex. The P-values are from Kruskal Wallis or χ2 tests. The EGIR-RISC Study
Characteristics | Men (n = 405) | Women (n = 528) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 43 (37–51) | 45 (39–50) | 0.082 |
Current smoker | 108 (27%) | 131 (25%) | 0.52 |
Alcohol (g/week) | 79 (39–153) | 35 (11–68) | <.0001 |
Physical activity (met-mins/week) | 2331 (1040–4599) | 2165 (1032–4958) | 0.92 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.7 (23.8–27.9) | 23.9 (21.9–26.8) | <.0001 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 122 (115–130) | 114 (104–122) | <.0001 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 64 (58–72) | 70 (63–77) | <.0001 |
Renal function parameters | |||
Creatinine (μmol/l) | 75 (67–83) | 59 (51–66) | <.0001 |
Estimated glomerulaire filtration rate (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 106 (98–114) | 106 (96–114) | 0.53 |
< 90 | 61 (15%) | 78 (15%) | |
90 to 104.9 | 120 (29%) | 167 (31%) | 0.81 |
≥ 105 | 224 (56%) | 283 (54%) | |
Urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (mg/mmol) | 0.18 (0–0.35) | n = 520 0.26 (0–0.47) | 0.001 |
not detected | 104 (26%) | 139 (27%) | |
detected but < 0.26/0.36 men/women | 148 (36%) | 187 (36%) | 0.94 |
≥ 0.26/0.36 men/women | 153 (38%) | 194 (37%) | |
Insulin sensitivity indices | |||
M/I (μmol/min/Kg.ffm/nM) | 114 (85–154) | 147 (112–192) | <.0001 |
ISI | 9.0 (6.5–12.8) | 9.6 (6.6–13.9) | 0.038 |
HOMA-IS | 14 (10–20) | 16 (11–24) | 0.0036 |
Biological characteristics | |||
Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 5.2 (4.9–5.5) | 5.0 (4.7–5.3) | <.0001 |
2 h glucose (mmol/l) | 5.5 (4.6–6.5) | 5.6 (4.7–6.7) | 0.033 |
Fasting insulin (pmol/l) | 30 (22–44) | 29 (20–40) | 0.060 |
2 h insulin (pmol/l) | 124 (73–216) | 152 (102–242) | <.0001 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.9 (4.3–5.4) | 4.8 (4.2–5.3) | 0.065 |
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3.0 (2.6–3.6) | 2.8 (2.3–3.3) | <.0001 |
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.2 (1.1–1.4) | 1.6 (1.3–1.8) | <.0001 |
Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 0.8 (0.6–1.1) | <.0001 |
Adiponectin (mg/l) | 6.2 (4.7–7.8) | 9.3 (7.2–12.2) | <.0001 |
Leptin (ng/ml) | 4.6 (2.2–7.5) | 14.6 (9.4–24.4) | <.0001 |
Alanine aminotransferase (IU/l) | 16 (12–22) | 11 (8–15) | <.0001 |
Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/l) | 22 (17–27) | 18 (14–23) | <.0001 |
Gamma glutamyltransferase (IU/l) | 19 (13–29) | 12 (8–17) | <.0001 |
Interleukin-6 (pg/ml) | 0.74 (0.50–1.17) | 0.68 (0.49–1.12) | 0.12 |
25-OH vitamin D (ng/ml) | 21 (14–28) | 19 (12–27) | 0.0079 |