Table 2 Papers on levothyroxine malabsorption in dialysis patients taking phosphate binders, retrieved after a systematic review of the literature
Author (reference) | n | Study design | Age | RRT Vintage (years) | Phosphate binder(s) | TSH mU/L | Associated drugs | Therapeutic measures |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Iovino 2014 [21] | 1 | Case report | 26 | 2 | Sevelamer | 650 | No potentially interfering drugs | Sevelamer at least 4 h after laevothyroxyne |
Wong, 2012 [32] | 1 | Case report | 30 | 12 | Sevelamer | ~ 600 | Not reported | Switch to sublingual levothyroxine. Sevelamer far from levothyroxine |
Granata, 2011 [30] | 1 | Case report | 55 | 3 | Sevelamer | 153 | Ramipril, Pantoprazole | Levothyroxine 2 h after dinner |
Arnadottir 2007 [31] | 1 | Case report | 62 | NA | Sevelamer | 297 | Amlodipine, Enalapril, Esomeprazol, Paracetamol, Vitamins | Levothyroxine at night, at least 4 h after other drugs |
Diskin, 2007 [23] | 67 | Retro-spective study | 74.74 (mean) | NA | Calcium carbonate, Calcium acetate, Sevelamer | ** | Patients taking interfering drugs were excluded | Changing timing of levothyroxine or switching to calcium acetate |