Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants (N = 2607)
Characteristics | Mean ± SD |
 Age, years | 53 ± 12 |
 Female, % (n) | 63 (1636) |
 BMI, kg/m2 | 31.9 ± 7.3 |
 SBP, mmHg | 125.9 ± 15.7 |
 Baseline eGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 98.1 ± 17.7 |
 Total cholesterol to HDL ratio | 4.1 ± 1.3 |
 Blood pressure medications, % (n) | 47.5 (1238) |
 Diabetes, % (n) | 16.6 (432) |
 Current smoking, % (n) | 11.7 (306) |
Biomarker level | Median (25th, 75th percentiles) |
 Adiponectin, ng/mL | 4037.0 (2640.1, 6339.2) |
 Aldosterone, ng/mL | 4.3 (2.5, 6.9) |
 BNP, pg/mL | 6.7 (2.3, 14.8) |
 hsCRP, mg/dL | 0.3 (0.1, 0.6) |
 Endothelin, pg/mL | 1.2 (0.9, 1.6) |
 Homocysteine, μmol/dL | 8.4 (7.2, 9.9) |
 Leptin, ng/mL | 22.9 (10.1, 39.3) |
 Plasma renin activity, ng/mL/hr | 0.4 (0.2, 1.0) |
 Active renin mass concentration, pg/mL | 6.7 (5.1, 9.4) |