Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients with ipsilateral vs contralateral CIED and VA
Total | Ipsilateral | Contralateral | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 42) | (n = 22) | (n = 20) | ||
Age (years) | 68 (36–83) | 65 (45–83) | 70 (36–83) | 0.50 |
Male sex | 23 (55) | 11 (50) | 12 (60) | 0.52 |
Risk factor | ||||
Diabetes mellitus | 26 (62) | 14 (67) | 12 (60) | 0.81 |
Hypertension | 34 (81) | 17 (77) | 17 (85) | 0.70 |
Coronary artery disease | 18 (43) | 7 (32) | 11 (55) | 0.37 |
CIED | ||||
Pacemaker | 35 (83) | 18 (82) | 17 (85) | > 0.99 |
ICD | 7 (17) | 4 (18) | 3 (15) | |
Transvenous route, CIED lead | ||||
Cephalic vein | 36 (86) | 18 (82) | 18 (90) | 0.67 |
Subclavian vein | 6 (14) | 4 (18) | 2 (10) | |
Cause of ESRD | ||||
Diabetes mellitus/Hypertension | 31 (74) | 14 (64) | 17 (85) | 0.17 |
Acute kidney injury | 4 (10) | 2 (9) | 2 (10) | NA |
Chronic glomerulonephritis | 3 (7) | 3 (14) | 0 | NA |
Others | 4 (10) | 3 (14) | 1 (5) | NA |
CV cathetera | 33 (79) | 16 (73) | 17 (85) | 0.46 |
Duration (months)b | 3 (1–38) | 3 (1–38) | 2.5 (1–10) | 0.42 |
Type of VA | ||||
AVF | 28 (67) | 14 (64) | 14 (70) | 0.66 |
Wrist side-to-end | 15 | 6 | 9 | |
Forearm side-to-end | 13 | 8 | 5 | |
AVG | 14 (33) | 8 (36) | 6 (30) | |
Forearm U-loop | 5 | 3 | 2 | |
Upper arm straight | 9 | 5 | 4 | |
Sequence of CIED and VA | ||||
CIED after VA | 16 (38) | 5 (23) | 11 (55) | 0.03 |
Right sided CIED | 10 (24) | 1 (5) | 9 (45) | 0.03 |
Time interval (months)c | 25 (1–117) | 7 (1–40) | 29 (4–117) | 0.14 |