Fig. 1

The use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) therapy in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) by insurance type and CKD stages. Coefficient MU: the mean difference in the monthly ESA. A1. Medicare CKD stages 3–5; A2. Medicare CKD stage 3; A3. Medicare CKD stage 4; A4. Medicare CKD stage 5. B1. Commercially insured CKD stages 3–5; B2. Commercially insured CKD stage 3; B3. Commercially insured CKD stage 4; B4. Commercially insured CKD stage5