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Table 4 Multiple regression analysis

From: Correction to: Outcome of kidney function after ischaemic and zero-ischaemic laparoscopic and open nephron-sparing surgery for renal cell cancer

a (model 1)

Regression

coefficient

β

Multiple linear regression

95% CI

p-value

Baseline eGFR (mL/ml/1.73 m22)

- 0.20

- 0.38 - − 0.02

0.03

Baseline Haemoglobin (mg/dL)

0.51

- 0.86 - 1.89

0.46

Tumour diameter (cm)

0.67

- 0.43 - 1.76

0.24

Tumour locus central (ref.) vs. peripheral

0.43

- 3.80 - 4.67

0.84

Surgical approach LNSS (ref.) vs. ONSS

- 13.48

- 17.65 - − 9.32

< 0.001

Sex male (ref.) vs. female

- 3.28

- 7.80 - 1.25

0.16

Age (years)

- 0.17

- 0.36 - 0.01

0.06

BMI (kg/m2)

- 0.88

- 1.36 - − 0.41

< 0.001

Hypertension no (ref.) vs. yes

- 0.78

- 4.75 - 3.18

0.70

Ischaemia time (min)

- 0.27

- 0.41 - − 0.13

< 0.001

Operative time (min)

- 0.06

- 0.09 - − 0.03

< 0.001

Preoperative ureter stenting no (ref.) vs. yes

- 0.46

- 5.64 - 4.71

0.86

Intraoperative blood transfusions no (ref.) vs. yes

- 3.29

- 11.91 - 5.33

0.45

Postoperative complications no (ref.) vs. yes

- 3.36

- 8.42 - 1.70

0.19

Clavien-Dindo score < 3 (ref.) vs. ≥ 3

- 10.98

- 18.47 - − 3.48

0.004

b (model 2)

Regression

coefficient

β

Multiple linear regression

95% CI

p-value

Baseline eGFR (mL/ml/1.73 m22)

- 0.29

- 0.49 - − 0.09

0.005

Baseline Haemoglobin (mg/dL)

- 0.32

- 1.95 - 1.31

0.70

Relative change of eGFR from baseline at time A (%)

0.18

0.03 - 0.33

0.02

AKI 48 h p.o. no (ref.) vs. yes

- 2.11

- 9.01 - 4.79

0.55

Tumour diameter (cm)

- 1.76

- 2.87 - − 0.66

0.002

Tumour locus central (ref.) vs. peripheral

- 0.30

- 5.14 - 4.54

0.90

Surgical approach LNSS (ref.) vs. ONSS

1.13

- 4.17 - − 6.44

0.67

Sex male (ref.) vs. female

1.63

- 3.43 - 6.70

0.53

Age (years)

- 0.10

- 0.33 - 0.13

0.40

BMI (kg/m2)

0.15

- 0.39 - 0.70

0.58

Hypertension no (ref.) vs. yes

- 2.11

- 6.82 - 2.60

0.38

Ischaemia time (min)

0.03

- 0.14 - 0.21

0.72

Operative time (min)

0.01

- 0.03 - 0.05

0.54

Preoperative ureter stenting no (ref.) vs. yes

- 4.35

- 10.46 - 1.77

0.16

Intraoperative blood transfusions no (ref.) vs. yes

4.12

- 6.29 - 14.52

0.44

Postoperative complications no (ref.) vs. yes

1.20

- 4.77 - 7.18

0.69

Clavien-Dindo score < 3 (ref.) vs. ≥ 3

4.43

- 4.28 - 13.14

0.32

c (model 3)

OR

Multiple logistic regression

95% CI

p-value

Baseline eGFR (mL/ml/1.73 m22)

0.99

0.96 - 1.01

0.30

Baseline Haemoglobin (mg/dl)

0.85

0.70 - 1.03

0.10

Tumour diameter (cm)

0.94

0.81 - 1.08

0.35

Tumour locus central (ref.) vs. peripheral

1.20

0.70 - 2.05

0.51

Surgical approach LNSS (ref.) vs. ONSS

3.87

2.17 - 6.92

< 0.001

Sex male (ref.) vs. female

2.51

1.35 - 4.67

0.004

Age (years)

1.01

0.99 - 1.04

0.26

BMI (kg/m2)

1.13

1.06 - 1.21

< 0.001

Hypertension no (ref.) vs. yes

1.05

0.63 - 1.74

0.85

Ischaemia time (min)

1.02

1.00 - 1.04

0.046

Operative time (min)

1.01

1.00 - 1.01

0.002

Preoperative ureter stenting no (ref.) vs. yes

0.92

0.46 - 1.83

0.81

Intraoperative blood transfusions no (ref.) vs. yes

0.73

0.22 - 2.45

0.61

Postoperative complications no (ref.) vs. yes

1.79

0.92 - 3.48

0.08

Clavien-Dindo score < 3 (ref.) vs. ≥ 3

2.14

0.68 - 6.72

0.19

d (model 4)

OR

Multiple logistic regression

95% CI

p-value

Baseline eGFR (mL/ml/1.73 m2)

0.89

0.85 - 0.92

< 0.001

Baseline Haemoglobin (mg/dL)

0.99

0.73 - 1.35

0.95

Relative change of eGFR from baseline at time A (%)

0.98

0.98 - 1.01

0.12

AKI 48 h p.o. no (ref.) vs. yes

1.23

0.39 - 3.85

0.72

Tumour diameter (cm)

0.93

0.71 - 1.21

0.58

Tumour locus central (ref.) vs. peripheral

1.35

0.56 - 3.15

0.49

Surgical approach LNSS (ref.) vs. ONSS

1.69

0.67 - 4.24

0.26

Sex male (ref.) vs. female

0.63

0.24 - 1.67

0.35

Age (years)

0.99

0.95 - 1.04

0.75

BMI (kg/m2)

0.97

0.87 - 1.07

0.50

Hypertension no (ref.) vs. yes

1.62

0.66 - 4.00

0.29

Ischaemia time (min)

1.01

0.98 - 1.04

0.55

Operative time (min)

1.00

0.99 - 1.01

0.86

Preoperative ureter stenting no (ref.) vs. yes

1.26

0.41 - 3.86

0.68

Intraoperative blood transfusions no (ref.) vs. yes

0.95

0.08 - 11.05

0.97

Postoperative complications no (ref.) vs. yes

0.67

0.22 - 2.00

0.47

Clavien-Dindo score < 3 (ref.) vs. ≥ 3

1.37

0.22 - 8.41

0.73

  1. Multiple linear regression analysis for models 1 and 2 including ischaemia time as a continuous variable investigating predictors of the relative change (%) of eGFR from baseline at (a) measurement time A (median, 1 day p.o.; IQR, 1–2) and at (b) at measurement time D (median, 13 months p.o.; IQR 12–15), and multiple logistic regression analysis for models 3 and 4 including ischaemia time as a continuous variable investigating (c) predictors for the development of postoperative AKI within 48 h p.o. and (d) predictors for the development of postoperative new-onset CKD stage ≥ 3 (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) within measurement time D
  2. The regression models are based on pooled estimates from 100 imputed datasets. A p-value < 0.05 is regarded as statistically significant
  3. eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, CKD chronic kidney disease, AKI acute kidney injury, LNSS laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery, ONSS open nephron-sparing surgery, BMI body mass index, OR odds ratio