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Table 3 Association of gout with Incident CKD, in pre-defined subgroup analyses by race, gender, and age

From: Gout is associated with a higher risk of chronic renal disease in older adults: a retrospective cohort study of U.S. Medicare population

  Multivariable-adjusted (Model 1) Multivariable-adjusted (Model 1) Multivariable-adjusted (Model 1)
HR (95% CI) P-value HR (95% CI) P-value HR (95% CI) P-value
  Black White Other race
Gout 3.06 (2.93, 3.21) < 0.0001 3.04 (2.98, 3.10) < 0.0001 3.13 (2.91, 3.37) < 0.0001
  Female Male   
Gout 3.18 (3.09, 3.26) < 0.0001 2.96 (2.90, 3.03) < 0.0001   
  65–75 years 75–85 years > 85 years
Gout 3.34 (3.26, 3.43) < 0.0001 2.87 (2.80, 2.95) < 0.0001 2.66 (2.54, 2.80) < 0.0001
  No Hypertension   Hypertension    
Gout 4.29 (4.15, 4.44) < 0.0001 2.38 (2.33, 2.43) < 0.0001   
  No Diabetes   Diabetes    
Gout 3.47 (3.40, 3.54) < 0.0001 2.24 (2.18, 2.30) < 0.0001   
  No CAD   CAD    
Gout 3.32 (3.25, 3.39) < 0.0001 2.38 (2.31, 2.46) < 0.0001   
  1. P-value for interactions were as follows
  2.  Race*gout interaction term, p-value 0.004
  3.  Sex*gout interaction term, p-value < 0.0001
  4.  Age*gout interaction term, p-value < 0.0001
  5.  Hypertension*gout interaction term, p-value < 0.0001
  6.  Diabetes*gout interaction term, p-value < 0.0001
  7.  CAD*gout interaction term, p-value < 0.0001
  8. HR Hazard ratio, CI confidence interval
  9. Hazard ratios that are significant with p-value < 0.05 are in bold
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